中国农田N_2O排放通量原位观测研究的汇总分析  

A Summary of Field Studies on N_2O Measurements in Chinese Croplands During 1990—2008

作　　者：秦艳梅[1] 过燕琴[1] 高志亮[1] 张令[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2009年第12期2608-2613,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(200803071010);中国博士后科学基金(200801379;20080430173)

摘　　要：通过对已有文献资料的调研和整理,分析了1990—2008年间有关中国农田N2O排放通量田间原位观测的分布特征。结果表明,1990—2008年间中国农田N2O排放通量原位观测研究呈不断发展趋势,2002年后进入快速增加期。通量原位观测位点的空间分布不平衡,主要集中在长江中下游、华北和西南地区,东北、西北、华南地区观测位点较少;农田N2O排放通量原位观测在作物类型间差异明显,对稻田的研究占到数据组总数的36%,其次为小麦和玉米田,分别占24%和21%,紫云英田仅为0.2%。针对农田N2O排放通量原位观测研究的现状,建议今后需进一步关注西北和东北典型农田生态系统N2O排放观测研究;在测定大宗作物系统N2O排放的基础上,重点加强典型菜地N2O通量的原位观测;强调温室气体CO2、CH4和N2O的同步观测与同位素示踪等技术相结合,以寻求农业增产、增效与温室气体减排的系统机制与实现途径。A great many field measurements have been taken on nitrous oxide（ N2O ） emissions in Chinese croplands in the past decades. To outline the development characteristics of field studies on agricultural N2O emissions in China, we summarized available in situ measurements that were collected from published literatures during 1990--2008. The results indicated that the studies on agricultural N2O in situ measurements from Chinese croplands had greatly increased over the past two decades, particularly since 2002. Most field N2O measurements were taken in the Middle-and-lower Yangtze River, North and Southwest of China, as compared to few measurements in Northeastern, Western and Southern China. Field N2O measurements had been primarily taken in rice paddies, wheat and corn cropping systems, accounting for 36%, 24% and 21% of the total studies, respectively, while Milk vetch only represented 0.2%. Based on the current status of field N2O stud- ies, therefore, we suggested that more agricultural N2O measurements were needed to be taken in the northwest and northeast of China. More field studies should focus on N2O emissions from vegetation production systems. Simultaneous measurements of CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes by static chamber methods combined with isotope techniques would be of great importance to seeking a coupling mechanism and achievement approach for the increase of agricultural yield, high use efficiency of agricultural resources and mitigation of agricultural greenhouse gases.

关 键 词：农田 N2O排放 原位观测 分布特征 作物类型 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]