高原低氧应激对兔肾脏和睾丸组织超微结构的影响  

Ultrastructural morphological changes of renal and testis toleration when the organism exposed acutively at altitude hypoxia environment in rabbits

作　　者：马全福[1] 侯世科[1] 袁延年[1] 张永青[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警总医院南楼三科,北京100039

出　　处：《中华保健医学杂志》2009年第6期420-422,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察高原低氧应激对兔肾脏和睾丸组织的损害。方法随机将平原兔24只分为4组,每组6只。A组为对照组,B、C、D组为平原兔在48h内直接迁饲到海拔4320m后1d、7d、30d组。各组宰杀后行肾脏和睾丸组织形态学改变的研究,在透射电镜下观察、照片、分析。结果B、C组:肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞核变形、固缩、异染色质增多边聚。线粒体变性、崩裂,线粒体嵴消失,空泡内有部分线粒体存在。滑面内质网增多、排列紊乱、断裂。基底膜间隙增宽,内质网扩张,胞质表面细胞褶膜间隙增宽,小管基底膜变宽、模糊。D组:变性线粒体部分修复,线粒体嵴修复,内质网扩张和部分足突融合。细胞表面有许多细长、排列较整齐的微绒毛,部分有扩张。细胞间隙和肾小管基底膜变宽。B、C组:睾丸支持细胞核变性、溶解,细胞膜不光滑,线粒体结构不完整,内质网扩张。精细胞核变形、溶解、连接膜增宽,滑面内质网内有较多空泡状物质。精细胞内线粒体嵴扩张、空泡样变、细胞核膜肿胀、崩解、断裂变形、间隙变窄。部分线粒体嵴扩张或模糊。内质网呈空泡状变化,粗面内质网扩张。大部分曲细精管界膜、基膜不清楚。间质内血管壁明显增厚。D组:细胞内染色质浓缩、核膜间隙增宽,局部核膜下或核双层膜间形成囊泡,核膜膨胀,相互折叠、核膜裂解形成圆形的凋亡小体和残余小体。间质细胞呈代偿性增生改变。结论从平原急进高原可致兔肾小球和肾小管超微结构同时受损,并可引起兔睾丸生精细胞损害,随时间延长间质细胞显著增生。Objective To explore the renal and testis damage in rabbits under altitude hypoxia stresses. Methods Twenty-four rabbits were divided into the groups A （control group） ,B ,C ,D were exposed to 4 320 m altitude 1 d ,7 d ,30 d from sea level, renal and testis uhrastructural morphological changes were studied by electron microscopy （HITACHI, H-7650）. Results renal histopathology morphology in groups B and C ：structural disturbance,the glomerulus capillary interstitial dissociation ,pyknosis, more abnormal chromatin. The mitochondrias degeneration,break and dissolve,disappearanece of crystal, more smooth endoplasmic reticulum, arrange irregularly and break, dilatation endoplasmic, basement membrane broaden and unclear of renal tubular epithelial cell.The partly renovation of mitochondrias and crystal in group D. it was showing villus-like arrange regularly on cell surface, partly dilatation. Tile morphology of testis tissue in groups B and C：the break and dissolve in cell nucleus dilatation endoplasmic,the mitochondria were markedly vesiculated, structural disturbance,break ,dissolve, basement membrane broaden and muhivesicular bodies in spermatogeic cells and Sertoli cells （sustentacular cells ）. The concentration of chromosome and nucleus membrane break. Conclusions It can be induced early the injury of renal and testis tissue in rabbits at 4 320 m altitude from sea level. The injury of renal tubular and glomerulus was synchronism,injury was notable in all spermatogenic cells. The severity of injury and leyding cells（interstitial cells）hyperplasia following duration in the high-altitude.

关 键 词：高原 兔 肾脏 睾丸 透射电镜 

分 类 号：R69[医药卫生—泌尿科学]