新疆伊犁新垦区农业土地利用优化方式初探  

Optimization of Agricultural Land Use Structure in Reclamation Area,Yili Prefecture,Xinjiang

作　　者：王秀红[1] 杨阳[1] 张宏业[1] 张红旗[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《资源科学》2009年第12期2024-2028,共5页Resources Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2007BAC15B03);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40971282)

摘　　要：通过分析2008年新疆伊犁新垦区土地利用状况,未来农林牧土地利用优化涉及的土地为原有的耕地、林地、草地与未利用地中的沙地和盐碱地;水域、建设用地和未利用地中的沼泽地为试图控制其面积不变的土地利用类型。为维持农业持续发展,在大农业结构优化中,草地和农田防护林的比例应逐渐扩大;在种植业优化中,以粮食作物的生产利润为目标函数,同时以保持粮食作物基本单产量和传统农作物基本播种面积比例为约束条件。在大农业结构优化中,较理想的农林牧比例大致为4∶1∶5。在种植业优化中,稻谷、小麦、玉米和豆类4种粮食作物的种植比约为:1∶4∶3∶2。Both ecological and economic benefits are important for land sustainable development,particularly over Northwest China with fragile eco-environment where ecological benefit is usually ignored but more important.The authors performed a study on rational agricultural land use structure over the reclamation area in Yili Prefecture,Xinjiang,through simultaneously considering the both benefits.Optimization of agricultural land use structure in reclamation area,Yili Prefecture basically refers to increases in the area ratios of forestland and grassland and restructuring of crop production.Increases in area ratios of forestland and grassland are particularly critical to protection of cropland environment and to the increase in cropland fertility while maintaining the traditional crop production structure is vital to the stability of local ecological,economic and social systems.Based on land use data of the reclamation area of Yili in 2008,restructuring land included cropland,forest,grassland,sandy land and saline land while unchanged land consisted of water bodies,land for construction and swampland.Apart from the developed cropland,forestland and grassland,the reclamation of developable land（sandy land and saline land）was set to be increased at a step of one third of the total developable land area,namely 150.53 km2,301.07 km2,451.60 km2 for three scenarios.For scenario I,attention was paid to keep the structure of crop,forestry,and animal husbandry in reclamation area same as that of existing ones,which is 55.2%cropland,2.5%forestland and 42.3%grassland,respectively.Scenario III was considered as a rational structure of agriculture,with 40%cropland,10%forestland and 50%grassland,respectively.The transitional form between the scenario III and I was set as scenario II.Cropland restructuring was primarily realized on a linear programming.In terms of basic conditions for three different scenarios,the linear programming software of Lindo 6.1 was used to calculate sowing areas for rice,wheat and corn.It was found that t

关 键 词：新疆伊犁 农业土地利用 土地开发 优化模式 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济]