野生与养殖羔花红点鲑群体DNA多态性RAPD分析  

RAPD Analysis of DNA Polymorphism of Salvelinus malma in Wild and Cultured Populations

作　　者：黄权[1] 孙晓雨[1] 谢从新[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学,长春130118 [2]华中农业大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2009年第12期68-71,133,共5页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：吉林省科技厅资助项目(吉科合字20040208-1);吉林省教育厅资助项目(吉教科合字2006第29号)

摘　　要：采用RAPD技术对野生与养殖花羔红点鲑群体各17个个体进行了DNA多态性检测。用13个随机引物在野生群体和养殖群体中分别扩增出119和86条DNA片段,其中多态性片段数分别为64和51条,多态性片段的比例分别为52.46%和41.80%,平均杂合度分别为0.2177和0.1802,遗传相似率分别为0.7844和0.7985,群体间遗传相似率为0.6468,由此得出野生群体的遗传多样性高于养殖群体。通过Nei指数统计的花羔红点鲑群体内遗传多样度平均为0.1989,群体间遗传多样度为0.1359,群体间遗传分化为34.53%。Shannon遗传多样性指数表明,两群体中的遗传变异有64.05%来自群体内,只有35.95%来自群体间,此分化值与Nei指数估测得到的遗传分化相近。An experiment was conducted to study the DNA polymorphism of the wild and cultured Salvelinus malma populations based on RAPD markers from April 2006 to October 2007. Thirty fish were separately collected from the wild and cultured populations, and 17 were used for genetic diversity analysis （n = 17 ）. Results showed that amplification with 13 random primers under predetermined optimal reaction conditions （ samples were first heated at 94 degrees C for 5 minutes and followed by 45 cycles of 1 minute at 94 degrees C, 1 minute at 36 degrees C, and 2 minutes at 72 degrees C, theft held at 72 degrees C for 10 minutes after 40 cycles） generated 119 and 86 fragments for the wild and cultured populations, respectively. The polymorphic fragments were 64 and 51, and the mean proportions of polymorphie amplified fragments of the wild and cultured populations were 52.46% and 41.80%, respectively. The values of average heterozygosity for the two populations were 0.217 7 and 0. 180 2, the genetic similarities were 0.784 4 and 0.798 5, the similarity between the two populations was 0. 646 8, and Shannon index of phenotypic diversity was 0. 359 5. In conclusion, the genetic diversity of fish from the wild population was higher than that from the cuhured population. The average within-population genetic diversity for the S. malma population was 0. 198 9 and genetic diversity between populations was 0. 135 9 according to Net＇ s in- dex, and the genetic differentiation between populations was 34.53%. Shannon diversity index shows that 64.05% of genetic variation resides within the population, and only 35.95% among populations. The genetic differentiation results are similar in accordance with both Shannon diversity index and Net＇ s index.

关 键 词：花羔红点鲑 DNA多态性 RAPD 

分 类 号：S965.232[农业科学—水产养殖]