218株下呼吸道院内感染的病原菌分布及药敏分析  

Distribution of Pathogens and Susceptibility Test in 162 Patients with Nosocomial Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

作　　者：马小梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省镇江市第二人民医院呼吸内科,江苏镇江212002

出　　处：《临床医学工程》2009年第12期135-136,共2页Clinical Medicine & Engineering

摘　　要：目的研究本院下呼吸道院内感染病原菌种类及药敏情况。方法采集晨起合格痰或经气管插管采集的下呼吸道分泌物,用血平皿和巧克力平皿接种培养分离出病原菌,或血培养,用法国生物梅里埃API鉴定系统鉴定,药敏试验采用K-B法。结果共分离出病原菌218株,其中以革兰阴性杆菌为主,共183株,占83.9%,革兰阳性球菌共35株,占16.1%。革兰阴性杆菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素和β-内酰胺类抗生素/酶抑制剂复合制剂(头孢哌酮/舒巴坦)的敏感度较高。革兰阳性球菌主要是金黄色葡萄球菌,耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)占73.1%,其对青霉素、苯唑西林、左氧氟沙星、红霉素、克林霉素有很高的耐药率(78.9～100.0%),最为敏感的是去甲万古霉素。结论本院的下呼吸道院内感染中,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,对常见抗生素耐药性较高。Objective To study the distribution of pathogens and susceptibility test in patients with nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections. Methods To gather phlegm and lower respiratory tract secretion by trachea cannula. Pathogens were cultivated and segregated. Susceptibility test was done by K-B methods. Results A total of 218 isolates of pathogens were collected. Gram-negative bacilli were 183 （83.9%）. Gram-positive cocci were 35 （16.1%）. Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to carbapenem and beta-lactang lactamase inhibitor. In the Gram-positive cocci, the most were Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA were accounted 73.1% of Gram-positive cocci. The resistant rates to penicillin, oxacillin, levofloxacin, Clindamycin erythromycin were bigb （78.9 - 100.0%）. The most sensitive drug was norvancomycin. Conclusions Gram-negative bacilli were the most common pathogens collected from the patients with nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections. There were high resistant rates to common antibiotic.

关 键 词：下呼吸道院内感染 耐药性 病原菌 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]