火炕热工性能的研究及其评价方法  

Research and Assessment Method of Thermal Performance of Chinese Kang

作　　者：端木琳[1] 赵洋[1] 王宗山[1] 舒海文[1] 朱俊亮[1] 单红娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学,大连116024

出　　处：《建筑科学》2009年第12期30-38,共9页Building Science

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目"农村新能源开发与节能关键技术研究"(2006BAJ04B05-3)

摘　　要：火炕在中国已有2 000多年的历史,应用于大半个中国的农村居民住房中。这样一个家喻户晓的设施是利用炊事余热来实现向房间内供热的,因而具有较大的节能潜力。但是,目前火炕的搭建仍以经验为主,热工性能差异较大。本文在已有火炕研究成果的基础上,从流体力学和传热学基本理论出发,进一步对火炕的结构和功能进行了分析,提出从5个方面:炕面温度、火炕热惰性、火炕系统阻力、炕体热效率和火炕对室内环境的影响(室温和室内空气品质)来评价火炕的热工性能,并通过现场测试验证了评价方法的可操作性。The history of Chinese Kang has been more than 2 000 years, and it is applied in the living houses of more than a half of China＇s rural residences. This kind of equipment, which is well known to every household in China, can achieve supplying heat to the living room by means of waste cooking heat, so it has a great potential for energy-saving. However, till now, the construction of Chinese Kang is mainly depended on experiences and there are bigger differences in thermal performance. In this paper, based on the existed results of thermal performance studies and starting from the basic theories of fluid mechanics and heat transfer, the structure and function of Chinese Kang were further analyzed. Five aspects for assessing the thermal performance of Chinese Kang were brought forward, including temperature of the bed surface, the thermal inertia, the systemic resistance, the thermal efficiency of the bed body, and the influence of Chinese Kang on indoor environment （indoor air temperature and indoor air quality）. In addition, the operability of this assessment method was verified through the field measurement.

关 键 词：火炕 热工性能 评价方法 农村住宅 

分 类 号：TU241.4[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU111.19