基于暖体假人代谢模拟的“飞天”舱外服热防护特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on Thermal Protection Performance of "Feitian" EVA Spacesuit Based on Thermal Manikin Metabolic Simulation Method

作　　者：李潭秋[1,2] 袁修干[1] 吴志强[2] 谢广辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学,北京100000 [2]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2009年第6期404-411,共8页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：中国载人航天工程基金项目

摘　　要：目的确定在轨空间环境下的舱外服整体系统的极限隔热能力(漏热率),验证系统被动热防护结构设计的正确性、合理性及特定防护结构的性能。方法通过空间外热流仿真计算确定轨道出舱活动可能经历的极限热工况和极限外热流,采用红外笼和液氮模拟舱外服的空间热流和热沉;用暖体假人模拟舱外服内人体代谢和温度控制。结果采用上述方法构建了人-舱外服-外热真空环境试验系统;通过对真空无热沉、冷黑背景和不同外热流施加的热状态比较、外部散热控制法和暖体假人热补偿法的比较,形成了验证和评估系统热防护性能的综合技术方法。对飞天舱外航天服在模拟内外部热环境下进行了极限热防护性能测试和评估。结论对试验精度进行的分析表明试验结果具有很好的测试精度,能够对舱外服热防护性能进行验证和评估。Objective To determine the limit heat insulation ability （heat leakage rate） for whole spacesuit system during extravehicular activity and to validate the passive thermal protection structural design. Methods The limit space thermal environment that might be met during EVA was simulated with SindaG and NEVADA software. The space thermal environment was simulated with a infrared heating cage and liquid nitrogen device, and a thermal manikin was developed to simulate human metabolic heat and temperature distribution in spacesuit. Results A manikin-spacesuit-environment synthesis system and a validation method by compared test data among normal vacuum and different space heat flux status for spacesuit thermal insulation test was built. Conclusion The limit thermal insulation protection performance of the ＂Feitian＂ EVA spacesuit is validated in simulated space environment. A reliable and accurate test results are gained.

关 键 词：出舱活动 航天服 被动热防护特性 热平衡试验 暖体假人 

分 类 号：R852.83[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]