高羊茅炭疽病病菌的生物学特性及其ITS序列分析  

Biological characters and ITS sequence analysis of Colletotrichum pathogen from tall fescue

作　　者：曾蓉[1] 陆金萍[1] 陈文俊[2] 宋荣浩[1] 徐敬友[2] 戴富明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院植物保护研究所上海市设施园艺重点实验室,上海201106 [2]扬州大学农学院植物保护系,扬州225009

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2009年第4期47-50,共4页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2006)第4-5号]资助

摘　　要：通过2006-2008年6～8月份的观察发现,上海地区高羊茅的炭疽病症状为叶片上形成梭形病斑,中央灰白色,边缘黄褐色或者黑褐色,中后期在病斑中央形成黑色小点即分生孢子盘。分生孢子为单胞、香蕉形、无色、3～4μm×20～28μm。高羊茅炭疽病病菌在PSA上菌落灰褐色。病菌菌丝生长适宜温度24～28℃,单糖和双糖、硝态氮有利于病菌菌丝的生长。通过病菌核糖体DNA ITS序列的测定及GenBank的BLAST比对,与禾生炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum graminicola)相似性最高,达98%。形态和分子鉴定表明:上海地区高羊茅炭疽病病原菌为禾生炭疽病菌。室内药剂筛选试验表明:咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑等5种药剂对高羊茅禾生刺盘孢菌菌丝生长有强烈的抑制作用。Anthracnose was one of the heavy diseases to harm the oversummer tall fescue in Shanghai and surrounding areas. The observation between June and August indicated that the diseased tall fescue＇leaves formed shuttle-like lesions with hoary color at the center and ochreous or pitchy color on the margin,and the lesion center produced black dots or acervuli at the middle and later stage. The conidia were hyaline, unicellular, banana-shaped （or falcate）, and 3- 4 μm × 20 - 28 μm in size. The colonies were gray on potato sucrose agar（PSA）. The suitable temperature for the mycelium growth was 24 -28 ℃, and monosaccharide,disaccharide and nitrate nitrogen were favorable for the mycelium growth. The ITS sequence analysis and the BLAST comparison of GenBank showed that the similarity between the pathogen and Colletotrichum graminicola reached the highest,or 98%. The morphological and molecular identification proved that C. graminicola was the anthracnose pathogen of tall fescue in Shanghai area. The indoor fungicidal tests indicated that five fungicides such as prochloraz and difenoconazole had a high inhibiting effect on the mycelium growth of C. graminicola.

关 键 词：高羊茅 炭疽病 形态 分子鉴定 生物学特性 杀真菌剂 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]