锥栗雌配子体形成与胚胎发育  

Process of embryonic development and female gametophyte formation in chinquapin

作　　者：郑诚乐[1] 俞晓曲[1,2] 潘东明[1] 林昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350002 [2]三明市农业局,福建三明365000

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第6期585-589,共5页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家支撑计划项目(2007BAD07B01);福建省教育厅资助项目(K02058)

摘　　要：以锥栗品种黄榛为材料,采用石蜡切片技术对其大孢子发生、雌配子体形成和胚、胚乳发育过程进行了研究.结果表明:锥栗为雌雄异花同株果树,多心皮复合雌蕊,中轴胎座,通常有8-10个子房室,每室倒生2枚胚珠;珠心组织中的一个孢原细胞直接发育形成大孢子母细胞,经减数分裂形成的大孢子四分体呈线形,其中靠近合点端的功能大孢子发育成为成熟胚囊;胚囊发育类型为单孢子蓼型胚囊;双受精后,原胚经过球胚、心型胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚等阶段发育为成熟胚,胚乳呈核型,种子无胚乳.Embryological studies were carried out on the megasporogenesis, female gametophyte formation, the development of embryos and endosperm by using Huangzhen as the material and taking advantage of paraffin section technology. The results showed that chinquapin （Castanen henryi Rehd ＆ Wils. ） was diclinous with polycarpous compound pistils, axile placentas, commonly 8 to 10 loculaments and 2 anatropous ovules in each loculament. An archesporial cell in the nucellus tissue would directly develop into the megaspore mother cell that subsequently formed linear megaspore tetrads. The functional megaspore near the chalazal end developed into mature embryo sac, which was monosporic polygonum-type. After double fertilization, the proembryo would develop into a mature embryo going through globular, heart, torpedo and cotyledon stages. Endosperm is nuclear endosperm and it doesn＇t exist in seeds.

关 键 词：锥栗 大孢子发生 雌配子体 胚胎发育 

分 类 号：S664.2[农业科学—果树学]