北京市478人犬伤者对狂犬病的知识、态度和行为  

Knowledge,attitude and practice on rabies among 478 exposed population investigated in Beijing

作　　者：吴慧[1] 陈春华 李浩[3] 申辛欣[3] 王束玫[1] 唐青[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学研究所,济南250012 [2]塞诺非巴斯德生物制品有限公司北京分公司 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2009年第12期1210-1214,共5页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：农业部农业公益性行业科研专项基金(No.200803014);国家自然科学基金(No.306300492)联合资助

摘　　要：目的了解北京市478个犬、猫伤者对狂犬病相关知识知晓情况、态度及行为特点,为在该地区开展狂犬病预防提供依据。方法应用描述流行病学研究方法,对受伤后就诊的患者进行问卷调查,询问受伤史、狂犬病相关知识的知晓及犬伤后处置情况等。结果调查478名犬伤者,咬伤部位以上肢为主,占76%。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级犬伤者所占比例分别为24%、70%和6%;被咬前知道狂犬病的占82%,了解狂犬病预防知识的占55%;被咬后能自行正确处理伤口的占59%,规范接种疫苗的占99%,抗体注射者占22%。结论北京市犬伤人群对狂犬病知识的了解程度不高及伤后正确预防处理措施的比率均偏低,因此,建议疾病预防控制机构应对一般人群的普遍预防和对高危人群的重点预防相结合,通过多种途径加强对狂犬病预防控制知识的宣传教育。To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） on rabies among a mass of the exposed population in Beijing so as to provide scientific evidence for development of measures on the prevention and protection of rabies, the descriptive studies were employed, in which patients were interviewed face to face with a standard questionnaire in hospital or the center for disease control and prevention （CDC）, including history of exposure, knowledge on rabies, post-exposure treatment etc. Of 478 respondents, 76% of them were bitten on the upper limbs with the exposure proportions in category Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ of 24%, 70 % and 6 % respectively. The proportions of awareness of knowledge in rabies before biting, its prevention, the correct measure to treat their wounds themselves, rabies vaccine inoculation, and injections with rabies antiserum constituted in 82%, 55 %, 59 %, 99 % and 22 % respectively. Result of this investigation indicates that most of the people investigated had a lower awareness of knowledge on rabies, the correct measures to treat rabies after biting as well as the measures to prevent rabies, suggesting that community-based prevention and control measures should be emphasized, especially targeting the population with high risk and the heath education on rabies should performed promptly by several governmental departments.

关 键 词：狂犬病 暴露因素 知晓率 知信行 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]