鮈亚科鱼类下咽骨和下咽齿的形态差异及其功能适应  

Morphological Variation of Pharyngeal Bones and Teeth in the Subfamily Gobioninae (Cypriniformes:Cyprinidae) and Its Functional Adaptations

作　　者：曾燏[1,2] 刘焕章[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所水生生物多样性与保护重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2009年第6期699-706,共8页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40432003);美国自然科学基金资助项目(CToL)

摘　　要：采用双筒解剖镜观察和手工绘图的方法,研究鮈亚科鱼类39个代表种下咽骨和下咽齿的形态特征,分析鮈亚科鱼类下咽骨和下咽齿的形态差异及其功能适应。结果显示,鮈亚科鱼类的下咽骨可以分为粗壮型、中间型和狭长型3种形态类型;下咽齿可以分为圆锥型、臼齿型、粗壮侧扁型、侧扁型和极侧扁型5种形态类型。鮈亚科鱼类下咽骨和下咽齿间呈现出多种形态组合,并相互配合共同处理不同类型的食物。下咽骨和下咽齿的形态差异为鮈亚科鱼类摄食不同类型的食物、充分利用不同的生境资源在摄食器官多样性方面提供了保证。By binocular microscope examination and hand-drawing, we observed the pharyngeal bones and teeth of 39 Gobininae species to explore their morphological variations and functional adaptation. The results showed that, in the Gobioninae, pharyngeal bones could be divided into three morphological types： wide, intermediate, and narrow; pharyngeal teeth into five morphological types： conical, molar, coarsely compressed, compressed and extremely compressed. Different types of pharyngeal bones and teeth cooperate together to deal with different types of food. Combination of the pharyngeal bones and teeth in the Gobioninae exhibit various types, and this variation occurring in trophic apparatus provides the diverse feeding organ adapting for the ecological resource utilization and the different types of dietary habits.

关 键 词：鮈亚科 下咽骨和下咽齿 形态差异:功能适应 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]