2008年山东省滨州市麻疹流行病学特征分析与对策探讨  

Analysis of the epidemiologic characteristics and countermeasures of measles in Binzhou,Shandong,2008

作　　者：曹国强[1] 刘兆荣[2] 卓越 王飞[1] 贾荣盛[1] 杨洪祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省滨州市疾病预防控制中心免疫预防管理科,山东滨州256618 [2]博兴县疾病预防控制中心 [3]滨城区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《疾病监测》2009年第11期882-884,共3页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的分析山东省滨州市2008年麻疹流行病学特征。方法采用描述流行病学方法,分析2008年滨州市麻疹疫情特点,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹IgM抗体。结果2008年该市共报告麻疹确诊病例811例,实验室确诊病例464例,占总病例的57.21%;临床/流行病学确诊病例347例,占总病例的42.79%,年发病率为21.73/10万,发病模式呈散发与暴发并存;病例分布广泛,并有明显的季节性。1-5月发病例数占总病例数的96.05%,1-4月为发病高峰;病例分布有明显的地域差异,发病相对集中地区的病例占总病例数的66.34%;≤15岁儿童发病占总病例数的56.10%,其中学龄前儿童病例占总病例数的38.22%,小学生病例占总病例数的17.39%;病例中无免疫史和免疫史不详占87.92%。结论山东省滨州市2008年麻疹发病水平骤升,发病时间有明显季节性,1-4月为发病高峰。Objective To determine the epidemiologic characteristics of measles in Binzhou, Shandong province in 2008. Methods Descriptive epidemiologic approaches were adopted to analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of measles in Binzhou in 2008, measles IgG antibody detected by ELISA. Results A total of 811 cases of measles were reported in the city in 2008, 464 confirmed by laboratory tests, accounting for 57.21% of all reported cases. There were 374 cases confirmed via clinical epidemiology, accounting for 42.79%. The annual incidence rate was 21.73/lakh. Both sporadic cases and outbreaks were present as the incidence pattern, which demonstrated widespread distribution and significant seasonal peaks： Cases from January to May accounted for 96.05%, suggesting the period from January to April as the incidence peak. Marked differences in regional distribution were observed as the most concentrated area had 66.34% of cases. Children younger than 15 years old accounted for 56.10% of all cases, preschool children accounting for 38.22%, and primary school students 17.39%. 87.92% cases had not been vaccinated or had vague immune history. Conclusion Sharp increase in the incidence of measles was shown in Binzhou, Shandong in 2008, with the peak of Junuary to April, onset time was obvious seasonal.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 分析与对策 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]