高寒草甸草场不同载畜量下土壤酶与土壤肥力的关系研究  

Study on relationship between soil enzyme and soil fertility of alpine meadow in different carrying capacities

作　　者：焦婷[1] 常根柱[2] 周学辉[2] 杨红善[2] 侯彦会[1] 苗小林[2] 刘荣堂[1] 蒲小鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室(甘肃农业大学)/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《草业学报》2009年第6期98-104,共7页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：世界银行全球环境基金GEF项目(GEF-052456CHA);高山草地生态系统可持续发展机理研究项目(032-07)资助

摘　　要：对肃北高寒草甸不同载畜量下土壤酶活性与肥力因子的关系进行了研究。结果表明,不同载畜量下不同土壤深度草地土壤肥力不同。0-20 cm土壤水分、pH和有机质随载畜量增加而下降,土壤容重则随载畜量和土层深度增加而增加,放牧草地土壤均呈弱碱性;0-20 cm土壤全氮、速效氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均在高载畜量区达到峰值（P〈0.01）,其中全氮和速效钾在中载畜量区出现最低值;0-20 cm土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性均高区高于中区和低区,随土层的加深,过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶活性呈逐渐降低的趋势,不同层次间显示出不同程度的差异性。相关分析和主成分分析表明,土壤过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶间以及它们与土壤主要肥力因子间具一定相关性,说明土壤酶可以用来表征土壤肥力状况。The soil enzymes and soil fertilities in alpine meadow under different carrying capacitty in Subei county of Gansu province were analyzed.The soil bulk density increased while the water,pH and organic matter declined with the increasing of carrying capacity,the soil was weak alkaline in grazing area;The content of total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium of soil in 0-20 cm depth get to the maximum in HC（P〈0.01）,while the content of total nitrogen and available potassium lie in minimum in MC;The same as four indexes above,the urease,catalase,alkaline phosphatase activity of soil in 0-20 cm depth increased with the increasing of carrying capacity;Correlation analysis showed they were in significantly positive correlation between the catalase,alkaline phosphatase activity,the three enzymes and the main soil fertilities,which showed the soil enzymes can be used to characterize the soil fertility status;Principal component analysis can get the same result： They have the good correlation between soil alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities and soil fertilities which can be used to indicate the status of grassland degradation and recovery.

关 键 词：高寒草甸 载畜量 土壤酶活性 土壤肥力 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]