杀配子染色体在小麦-黑麦异代换系中的作用研究  

The Effect of Gametocidal Chromosome in Wheat-Rye Substitution Lines

作　　者：于洪涛[1] 郭长虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学分子细胞遗传与遗传育种黑龙江省重点实验室,哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第24期92-95,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：黑龙江省留学归国人员科学技术专项基金"杀配子染色体在小麦近缘野生种质遗传资源利用中的作用研究"(LC07C33);黑龙江省科技攻关项目"小麦近缘属偃麦草和山羊草基因组分子标记的开发"(GA08B104);国际科技合作项目"小麦-偃麦草;小麦-黑麦染色体变异的高效诱导及其在小麦遗传改良中的利用"(2009DFA32470)

摘　　要：为研究杀配子染色体在小麦-黑麦异代换系遗传背景下的作用,利用小麦-黑麦异代换系H-13(1R/1D),H-24(5R/5A),H-33(6R/6A)与中国春-杀配子染色体二体异附加系CS-DA2C(来自山羊草Ae.cylindrica),CS-DA3C(来自山羊草Ae.triuncialis)配置杂交组合,对杂交当代结实率和F1自交结实率进行了统计分析。结果表明,杀配子染色体3C对H-13和H-24都是致死的,即有着完全的杀配子作用,,但对H-33的杀配子作用则是不完全的,有着接近正常的结实率,说明不同的小麦-黑麦异代换系遗传背景对杀配子作用有很大影响,可能在品系H-33中存在对2C染色体杀配子作用的抑制基因。在以品系H-33为母本时,2个杀配子附加系F1的自交结实率差异显著,说明在相同的小麦-黑麦异代换系遗传背景下,染色体2C与3C的杀配子作用是不同的,在这2个杀配子染色体上可能带有不同的杀配子基因。这些研究结果为进一步创制小麦-黑麦易位系奠定了基础。In order to study the effect of the gametocidal chromosome, crosses were made between wheat-rye sustitution lines H-13（1R/1D）, H-24（5R/5A）, H-33（6R/6A） and Chinese spring - gametocidal chromosome disomic addition lines, CS-DA2C（derived from Ae.cylindrica）, CS-DA3C（derived from Ae. triuncialis）.The results showed that the chromosome 3C had completed gametoeidal action in H-13 and H-24, but its gametocidal action in H-33 was uncompleted, it had almost normal rate of seed set. This result indicated that the different genetic background of wheat-rye sustitution lines had great effect for the gametoeidal action, possibly the H-33 line had the suppressor gene to the gametocidal action of 3C chromosome. When the H-33 line as female parent, the obvious difference of the rate of selfcossed seed set of Fl was showed between two gametocidal addition lines, indicating that the gametocidal action of 2C and 3C was different in the same background of wheat-rye alien sustitution lines, possibly the two gametoeidal chromosomes carry different gametocidal genes. These results provided a good basis for further developing wheat-rye translocation lines.

关 键 词：杀配子染色体 小麦 黑麦 异代换系 

分 类 号：S512.9[农业科学—作物学]