施肥对番茄风味成分影响的GC-MS分析  

Study on Influence of Organic Manure and Chemical Fertilizers on the Flavor Substances of Tomatoes Using GC-MS Analysis

作　　者：李吉进[1] 张青[1] 邹国元[1] 边庆花[2] 李楠[2] 黄德明[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [2]中国农业大学,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第24期244-248,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目"以种养废弃物为原料的有机肥生产技术集成与示范"(2007BAD89B07);国家科技支撑项目"沿密云官厅水库集约化种养殖农业面源污染防控技术研究与示范"(2007BAD87B02);北京市重大科技项目"多功能肥料/基质研究与开发"(D0706004040431);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力专项"有机蔬菜土壤培肥及养分调控技术研究"

摘　　要：为了研究化肥和有机肥对番茄风味成分的影响，试验采用气相色谱／质谱联用（GC—MS）测定了不同处理（无肥对照、化肥和有机肥）番茄果实中风味成分含量。结果表明：番茄果实中共可检出50余种有机化合物。第一区间（0-3min）检出的化合物都在50％以上，有机肥处理的番茄果实中以氨基脲、甲醇、正己烷、戊醛等为主；无肥对照处理以甲酸正丙酯、2，2．二乙磺酰基丙烷、羟基乙醛等为主；化肥处理则以分子氧为主。第二区间（3～13min）有12种化合物为3种处理番茄果实所共有，有机化合物以各种醛类物质为主，可能是番茄果实风味成分的基本架构。第三区间（13～25min）有机化合物含量较低，有10～15种有机化合物，无肥对照处理中出现几个含硅有机化合物，为其他处理所无。Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry substances in tomato fruits grown under three fertilization （GC-MS） analysis was used to measure flavor treatments. More than 50 organic compounds were detected from tomato fruits, with more than 50% of flavor content detected in the first interval （0-3 minutes）. In the organic fertilizer treatment, the main flavor substances in tomato fruits were semicarbazide, methyl alcohol, n-hexane, and pentanal. In the no fertilization treatment, the main flavor substances were propyl methane ester, 2,2-bionic propane, and hydroxyl-acetaldehyde. In the chemical fertilization treatment, the main compound was dioxygen, which is perhaps one factor leading to poor flavor of tomato fruits. In the second interval （3-13 minutes）, 12 compounds were detected for all the three treatments, and the organic compounds were mainly aldehydes, perhaps the basic framework of flavor substances. In the third interval （13-25 minutes）, content of organic substances was low, 10-15 organic compounds were detected out, and several organic compounds containing silicon were discovered in the tomato fruits only from the no fertilization treatment.

关 键 词：有机肥 化肥 番茄风味成分 GC—MS分析 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]