用RBCA和CLEA模型推导土壤中苯并[a]芘的标准值  

Derivation of Soil Pollutant Standard for Benzo[a]pyrene Using RBCA and CLEA Models

作　　者：夏凤英[1,2] 曹云者[2] 李政一[1] 施烈焰[3] 李发生[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学化学与环境工程学院,北京100048 [2]中国环境科学研究院土壤污染与控制研究室,北京100012 [3]中国人民大学环境学院,北京100872

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2009年第12期1445-1451,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(200709033);科学技术部社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J161)

摘　　要：我国现行土壤环境质量标准中尚未包含苯并[a]芘(B[a]P).分别应用2种国际上认可的RBCA和CLEA模型,获取了土壤中B[a]P的标准值,并对2种模型的计算结果和取值进行了比较.结果表明,在目标风险水平设定为10-5时,RBCA和CLEA模型计算的住宅用地土壤B[a]P标准值分别为0.83和1.21 mg/kg;工业用地标准值分别为4.10和26.30 mg/kg.2种模型住宅用地的标准差异不大,且与其他国家的标准水平基本接近;工业用地的标准差异较大,其中RBCA模型的结果更接近于其他国家标准,而CLEA模型的结果则明显偏高.造成2种模型计算结果差异的原因主要来自于两方面,即模型的方法原理不同导致的暴露量计算差异以及采用的毒理学数据来源不同导致的数据水平差异.2种模型暴露途径解析的结果均表明,经口摄入和皮肤接触是土壤污染物B[a]P人体暴露的主要途径,而口鼻吸入导致的暴露量很小.Current soil quality standards in China do not yet include benzol a] pyre ne （B [ a ] P）. In this research, soil standards of B [ a ] P were calculated using two environmental risk assessment models, the Risk-Based Corrective Action （RBCA） model and the Contaminated Land Exposure Assessment （CLEA） model. Calculated results derived by these two models were compared. The results showed that, under the target risk level of 10-5 , the standard of B[a]P for residential land use derived by the RBCA and CLEA models was 0.83 and 1.21 mg/kg respectively, and the standard for industrial land use was 4.10 and 26.30 mg/kg respectively. For residential land use, the calculated standards by the two models were close to each other and also close to the standards of other countries. However, for industrial land use, significant difference existed between the calculated standards from the two models. The results of the RBCA model were close to the standard levels of other countries, while the results of CLEA were significantly higher. The difference in the results from these two models was in two main aspects： one was the difference of exposure assessment led by different principles and algorithms of the two models, and the other was the difference in source and data level adopted in B[ a]P toxicology data. Both results of the two models showed that oral ingestion and dermal exposure pathways were the main ways by which the human body was exposed to B[ a]P in soil, and the exposure caused by the inhalation pathway was small.

关 键 词：土壤标准 RBCA模型 CLEA模型 苯并[A]芘 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]