在农村居民和农民工中开展艾滋病防治大众宣教与人际宣教相结合的健康教育模式的探索  

Exploration of health education model combining mass media with interpersonal communication among rural residents and migrant workers

作　　者：王新伦[1] 李雨波[1] 李英华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国健康教育中心,北京100011

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2009年第6期617-620,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：卫生部艾滋病防治应用性研究项目经费的支持

摘　　要：目的评估以电视、广播为主的大众宣传教育(宣教)和以村医、村干部为主的宣教相结合的方式,对农民和农民工进行艾滋病健康教育的结果,为今后制定相关健康教育策略提供参考依据。方法在辽宁省北票市,随机抽取9个行政村540名农民和270名外出务工人员,进行艾滋病综合健康教育干预,对干预前后效果进行比较分析并进行评估。结果自2006年9月至2007年9月,经过1年的健康教育干预,农村常住居民艾滋病相关知识总知晓率由67.0%提高到76.5%;对联合国大会艾滋病特别会议(UNGASS)确定的五个关键问题的知晓率,由13.6%提高到36.5%;对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和病人的正确态度持有率由51.1%上升到69.9%;外出务工人员艾滋病相关知识总知晓率由59.8%提高到72.0%;对UNGASS五个关键问题的知晓率由12.9%提高到32.3%;艾滋病正确态度持有率由37.3%上升到65.6%。结论大众传播与人际传播相结合的综合健康教育干预,对农村常住居民和外出务工人员的艾滋病防治知识水平提高和态度转变有较好的效果。Objective To assess the effectiveness of health education model combining mass media with interpersonal communication among rural residents and migrant workers and provide evidence for （he development of relevant health education strategy in the future. Method Health education interventions were provided to 540 rural residents and 270 migrant workers who were selected by randomized sampling from 9 administrative villages in Beipiao city of I.iaoning province and the effectiveness of the intervention was assessed, by comparing pre- and post inter- vention findings. Result After one year health education intervention （from September of 2006 to September of 2007）, the overall AIDS related awareness rate among rural residents was increased from 67.0% to 76.5% and the awareness rate defined by UNGASS for 5 key questions was inereased from 13.6% to 36.5% ; the rate of correct attitude to HIV carriers and AIDS patients was increased from 51. 1 % to 69.9%. The overall AIDS-related awareness rate among rural migrant workers was increased from 59.8% to 72.0% and the awareness rate defined by UNGASS for 5 key questions was increased from 12.9% to 32.3% ; the rate of correct attitude to HIV carriers and AIDS patients among them was increased from 37.3% to 65.6%. Conclusion The integrated health education intervention by combing mass media with interpersonal communication is effective for raising HIV/AIDS related awareness rate and changing their attitude among rural residents and migrant workers.

关 键 词：农村居民 外出务工人员 艾滋病防治 宣教模式 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]