翼腭窝的解剖及应用  

Anatomy and application of pterygopalatine fossa

作　　者：刘焕亭[1] 刘军[1] 费昶[1] 衡雪源[1] 孟凡国[1] 

机构地区：[1]临沂市人民医院,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《山东医药》2009年第42期1-2,共2页Shandong Medical Journal

基　　金：山东省优秀青年科学家奖励基金资助项目(2008BS09020)

摘　　要：目的观察翼腭窝区的解剖特点。方法成人尸头10具,沿正中线锯开,手术显微镜下于唇龈沟切开黏膜;凿除上颌窦前、后壁,分离上颌动脉翼腭部及其分支和上颌神经及其分支;从侧方切开颧弓,解剖颞下窝,在翼外肌长短头之间分离上颌动脉主干及其分支,在翼腭窝后上内侧分离上颌神经及其分支;用游标卡尺测量上颌动脉及其分支的长度、外径,观察上颌动脉、腭降动脉及蝶腭动脉的毗邻关系。结果翼腭窝狭小,其内有上颌神经、翼管神经、蝶腭神经节以及上颌动脉等重要结构。结论翼腭窝是一狭窄裂隙,其内结构分为神经层和血管层。Objective To study the anatomical character of pterygopalatine fossa.Methods 10 cadaveric adult heads were resected in midline.The anerior and posteruir walls of the maxillrary sinuswere removed,the pterygopalatine segment of maxillary arter and nerve with their branches were dissected.After the zgmoatic arch latterly were removed,infratemporal foss were dissected.Maxillrary artery and it′s branches were exposured.Maxillary nerve with it′s branches on the posterior-upperior-medial portion of pterygopalatine fossa were located.The longths and diameters of maxillrary artery and it′s branches were measured,and the anatomiacal relationship of maxillrary artery and descending palatine artery were observed.Results Pterygopalatine fossa was narrow and small.There were maxillary artery and nerve,sphenopalatine ganglion and pterygoid canal never in pterygopalatine fossa.Conclusions Pterygopalaione fossa is a narrow rift.There are never layer and vessel layer of tissue in the pterygopalaione fossa.

关 键 词：翼腭窝 手术入路 上颌动脉 上颌神经 

分 类 号：R322.81[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]