灵芝多糖结构及其组成研究  

Study on the Structure and Constituents of Polysaccharide from Ganoderma Lucidum

作　　者：何晋浙[1] 邵平[1] 倪慧东[1] 柴能杰[1] 孙培龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学生物与环境工程学院食品系,浙江杭州310032

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2010年第1期123-127,共5页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划"863"项目(2007AA10Z337);浙江省科技厅项目(2008C32030)资助

摘　　要：采用沸水回流法从赤灵芝子实体中提取多糖，经Sevage法除蛋白，乙醇沉淀，离心、流水透析、浓缩、冻干后得灵芝多糖，单糖经乙酰化处理进行外标法定量，并利用苯酚-硫酸法、紫外、红外及X衍射光谱法、凝胶分子排阻色谱-蒸发散射检测器法、气相和气质谱色谱法进行多糖组分、含量、结构和分子量分析研究，结果表明： 灵芝多糖为米黄色，得率为2%左右，其含量≥43%，红外光谱显示灵芝多糖结构主要为β-糖甘键连接的吡喃型葡聚糖，其多糖的主要单糖组分为葡萄糖，含量为89%左右，并含有其他少量的单糖组分D-阿拉伯糖、D-木糖、D-甘露糖、D-半乳糖。其多糖主要为同均糖，多糖为非晶型结构，分子量主要分布在8×10^4～2×10^5之间，分子质量主要为2×10^5的生物大分子。Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were extracted by boiling water from the fruiting bodies of red ganoderma lucidurn, then protein was removed by Sevage reagent, with ethanol precipitation, run water dialysis, centrifugation and freeing-drying. Monosaccharides were acetylated and quantified by external standard, and the polysaccharidesthe amount of total carbohydrates was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. The monosaccharide constituents, structure and Mw distribution were analyzed by UV-Vis, IR, GC, GC-MS and HPSEC with ELSD. The results demonstrated that ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides were beige, the yield was about 2%, and the content ≥43%. IR spectrometry showed that the structure of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide was pyranoid glucan with β-glycosidic bond. The quantitative result of external standards indicated that the monosaccharide constituents were mainly composed of glucose, at about 89% percent, and contained a small amount of D-arabinose, D-xylose, D-mannose and D-galactose. It was a homogeneous polysaccharide with the amorphous structure, attributed to biological macromolecules, its Mw distribution was at 80-2 000 Kda, and a primary Mw at 2 000 Kda.

关 键 词：灵芝多糖 结构 单糖组分 分子量 

分 类 号：O657.3[理学—分析化学] R932.1[理学—化学]