不同种源槜李的RAPD分析及主要农艺性状比较  

RAPD analysis and comparison of main agronomic characters of Zuili(Prunus salicina Lindl.) from different provenances

作　　者：熊彩珍 贾惠娟[2] 顾立明 何凤杰[2,3] 郭忠仁[4] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省嘉兴市南湖区林业与蚕桑站,浙江嘉兴314051 [2]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州310029 [3]浙江省台州市经济作物总站,浙江台州318000 [4]江苏省.中国科学院植物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2009年第4期33-38,共6页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金：浙江省嘉兴市重点科研项目(2005AZ3004)

摘　　要：运用RAPD标记方法对18个槜李(Prunus salicina Lindl.)种源及3个外类群的总基因组DNA进行了PCR扩增,在此基础上采用聚类分析方法对不同种源的遗传关系进行了分析,此外对18个槜李种源果实的主要农艺性状也进行了比较分析。RAPD分析结果表明,用从70条随机引物中筛选出的14条随机引物共扩增出71条带,其中多态性条带29条,多态性条带百分率达40.8%。聚类分析结果表明,在欧氏平方距离0.060处可将18个槜李种源和3个外类群分为7组,其中3个外类群分别单独成组,18个槜李种源可分为4组;姚学明和洪魏3这2个种源分别独立成组,洪魏2、王施、洪彭1、凤表1和凤表2等5个种源聚为一组,其他11个种源为一组。18个槜李种源果皮均为红色,其中深红色和暗红色各占50%;根据果实的成熟期可将18个槜李种源大致分为早熟型和晚熟型,成熟期分别为6月中下旬和7月上中旬;比较而言,早熟型的槜李种源具有单果质量较大、可溶性固形物含量较低、花期早3～4d等特征。RAPD标记和农艺性状的综合分析结果显示,嘉兴地区的这些槜李种源在栽培过程中产生了突变和分化;姚学明这一种源与大多数槜李种源关系密切,并具有一定的优良特性,可能是1个优良种源,值得进行深入研究。The PCR amplification of total genomic DNA from eighteen provenances of Zuili （Prunus salicina Lindl. ） and three outgroups were researched by RAPD marker method,and on this basis,the genetic relationship of eighteen provenances was analyzed by cluster analysis. In addition,the comparative analysis of main agronomic characters of eighteen provenances was also conducted. RAPD analysis result shows that seventy-one bands are amplified with fourteen random primers selected from seventy random primers,in which there are twenty-nine polymorphic bands with a percentage of 40.8%. The cluster analysis result shows that eighteen provenances and three outgroups are divided into seven groups when Euclidean square distance is 0.060,in which each of three outgroups is an independent group,eighteen provenances of Zuili are divided into four groups. Each of two provenances including YXM and HW3 is an independent group,five provenances including HW2,WS,HP1,FB1 and FB2 are clustered in one group,other eleven provenances are clustered in one group. The peel colour of eighteen provenances of Zuili all is red,and the percentages of deep red and dark red each is 50%. According to maturing period of fruit,eighteen provenances of Zuili are approximately divided into early and late maturing type,maturing period is in mid and late June or early and mid July,respectively. By comparison,the early maturing type has some features including higher single fruit weight,lower soluble solid content and earlier flowering stage by 3-4 d. According to comprehensive analysis of RAPD marker and agronomic characters,it is suggested that these provenances of Zuili in Jiaxing area exert mutation and differentiation during cultivation process. YXM provenance has a close relationship with most of eighteen provenances,and also has some excellent features,so YXM is probably an excellent provenance and worth doing further research.

关 键 词：槜李 种源 RAPD分析 聚类分析 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S662.3[农业科学—果树学]