生油理论研究新进展  

New Research Progress on Oil Generation Theory

作　　者：刘见宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2009年第6期1006-1010,共5页World Sci-Tech R&D

摘　　要：无机生油理论研究取得的新成果及无机成因油气田的不断发现,使我们不得不重新审视生油理论,以更好地指导油气勘探工作。深大断裂与油气资源分布的联系,不但促进了无机成因理论的产生,也为其提供了无可辩驳的事实依据。全球八个成矿时期与煤、油页岩等的匹配,为有机成因理论提供了有力的证据。但是二者都没能在实验室条件下生成与原油成分完全一致的产物,并且实验室并不能真实地模拟天然地质条件,从时间尺度上也是不可能的。两者争论的焦点仍集中于油气成因的判别指标上,油气成因理论仍然停留在假说阶段。笔者坚持二元论,认为在地球不同深度,存在不同的生烃机制。从生物气、低熟油到干酪根热降解生烃,再到深层生烃,而在上地幔超高压环境下,温度促进了无机合成烃类。关注中地壳低速高导层以及岩石圈级深大断裂不失为石油勘探工作的有益补充。New research results of inorganic oil generation theory and the discovery of inorganic oil and gas fields make us re-examine the oil generation theory, so to explore oil and gas more effectively. The association of deep faults and the distribution of oil and gas resources not only promoted the emergence of inorganic theory but also provided the indisputable facts. The worldg eight periods of Mineralization matching with the coal,oll shale,provided the evidence for the mganic theory. But both failed to generate the same ingredients with crude oil product in the laboratory, and the laboratory can not simulate a true natural geological condition, even impossible in the time scale. The focus of debate still concentrate in the oil and gas determines indicators ,and oil generation theory is still a hypothesis. The author insists on that at different depths in the earth, there are different mechanisms of hydrocarbon generation, such as bio-gas,immature oil, thermal degradation of kerogen hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon generation in deep and the synthesis of inorganic hydrocarbons promoted by the temperature with ultra-high pressure in up per mantle. Concerned about the low-speed and high-conductivity layer in middle crust and deep faults may be a useful complement to oil exploration.

关 键 词：生油理论 有机成因 无机成因 石油勘探 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]