氚β射线驱动的荧光灯  

Fluorescent Lamp Driven by β-ray of Tritium

作　　者：谷德山[1] 丁广泽[1] 刘林茂[1] 马龙[2] 谢宜华[2] 刘行仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学辐射技术研究所,吉林长春130024 [2]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所激发态物理重点实验室,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《发光学报》2009年第6期778-781,共4页Chinese Journal of Luminescence

基　　金：吉林省科技厅科技项目(943536)资助

摘　　要：采用了放射性同位素氚在衰变过程中放射出β粒子激活发光材料发光的原理。因β粒子平均自由程只有4.3mm,灯型选择直径应在4～8mm之间。通过实验比对,确定常用的发光材料为:发红光材料硫氧钇∶铕(Y2O2S∶Eu);发绿光的发光材料硫化锌∶铜,铝(ZnS∶Cu,Al);发蓝光的发光材料硫化锌∶银(ZnS∶Ag)。经过测试选择发光材料的最佳平均粒度:硫氧钇铕4.6μm;硫化锌铜铝5.3μm;硫化锌银5.4μm。同时探讨了涂屏方法和充氚排气工艺。对制作的氚灯进行了光亮度测试。最后给出了氚灯的使用与保存方法。The principle of activating the phosphors to luminescence by β particle emitted from tritium isotope was introduced. Because the average free path of β-particle is only 4.3 mm, the diameter of the lamp is limited between 4 mm and 8 mm. From experiment, we can come to the conclusions as follows：First, Y2O2S： Eu is the familiar phosphors which can emit red ray. Secondly, ZnS： Cu, Al is the familiar phosphors which can emit green ray. Finally, ZnS： Ag is the familiar phosphor which can emit blue ray. From testing, the optimal granularities of YEO2S： Eu, ZnS： Cu,Al, ZnS： Ag are 4.6,5.3 and 5.4 μm, respectively. The methods of phosphor coating and the technics of charging the tritium are introduced in detail. The brightness of the tritium lamp was also tested. At last, the methods of using and storage of tritium lamp were explained.

关 键 词：发光材料 Β粒子 氚灯 

分 类 号：O571.322[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理] O482.31[理学—物理]