氢氯噻嗪的抗利尿作用及其对大鼠组织含水量的影响  

Antidiuretic effect of hydrochlorothiazide and its influence on tissue water content in rats

作　　者：云天佑[1] 刘嫱[1] 王杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南医学院药理学教研室,海口市571101

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2009年第24期4122-4124,共3页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(编号:30715)

摘　　要：目的:探讨氢氯噻嗪对正常机体是否具有抗利尿作用以致组织含水量的改变。方法:对正常清醒大鼠给予大量清水(4 h内给予260mL/kg)灌胃导致水利尿状态下,收集6h尿量,对比用药(氢氯噻嗪)与未用药鼠在尿量、泌尿效率[(尿量/灌水量)×100%]、体重、血浆渗透压及脑组织含水量的差异。结果:用药鼠尿量比未用药鼠减少[用药鼠(14.0±2.1)mL/100 g体重,未用药鼠(18.5±2.2)mL/100 g体重],用药鼠的泌尿效率比未用药鼠下降[用药鼠(53.8±5.4)%,未用药鼠(71.2±5.6)%],用药鼠体重比未用药鼠增加[用药鼠增加了(12.0±2.3)g/100 g体重,未用药鼠增加了(7.5±2.1)g/100 g体重],用药鼠血浆渗透压比未用药鼠降低[用药鼠(238.2±5.8)mmol/kgH_2O,未用药鼠(254.0±3.5)mmol/kgH_2O],用药鼠脑组织含水量比未用药鼠增多[用药鼠(88.4±2.2)%,未用药鼠(83.9±2.0)%]。各项指标对比的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:氢氯噻嗪对正常机体具有抗利尿作用,并由此导致体重增加、血浆渗透压降低和脑组织含水量增多等低渗性水中毒的表现。Objective To determine whether there are the antidiuresis effect of hydrochlorothiazide（HCTZ） on natural organism and the change of cerebral water content. Method The normal waken rats were divided into the medication group and no-medication group. Rats were perfused with distilled water of 260 mL/kg in 4 h, then the urine of 6 h were collected respectively. The urine volume, the diuresis ratio [ （the urine volume/the water volume） × 100% 1, weight, plasma osmotic pressure and the cerebral water content were compared between the two groups. Results The urine volume of the medication group are lower than that of no-medication group, （ 14.0± 2.1 ）mL/100 g weight and （ 18.5 ± 2.2）mL/100 g weight respectively. The diuresis ratio of the medication group was decreased compared with no- medication group, （53.8 ±5.4）% and （71.2 ± 5.6）% respectively. The weight of the medication group are increased compared with no-medication group, （12.0 ± 2.3）g/100 g and （7.5 ± 2.1）g/100 g respectively. The plasma osmotic pressure of the medication group are lower than that of no-medication group, （238.2 ± 5.8 ）mmol/kgH2O and （254.0 ± 3.5）mmol/kgH2O respectively. The cerebral water content of the medication group are higher than that of no-medication group, （88.4 ± 2.2）% and （83.9 ± 2.0）% respectively. All these results showed significant differences between the two groups （P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion There must be the affirmative antidiuresis effect of Hydrochlorothiazide to natural organism leading to the hypoosmotic water intoxication.

关 键 词：氢氯噻嗪 抗利尿作用 泌尿效率 血浆渗透压 脑组织含水量 

分 类 号：R96[医药卫生—药理学]