余甘(Phyllanthus emblica L.)大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育研究  

Cytological Studies on Megasporogenesis and Microsporogenesis and the Development of Female and Male Gametophyte of Phyllanthus emblica L.

作　　者：彭宏祥[1] 梁文[2] 朱建华[1] 李鸿莉[1] 秦献泉[1] 黄伟华[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530005

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2009年第6期1727-1731,F0003,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划课题(桂科攻0632001-2B)

摘　　要：采用常规石蜡切片技术,对平丹1号余甘大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育进行研究。结果表明:药壁发育为双子叶型;绒毡层为腺质绒毡层;小孢子母细胞减数分裂时胞质分裂为同时型;产生四面体形四分体;成熟的花粉粒为二细胞型花粉;平丹1号余甘的雌蕊为上位子房,3心皮3室,每室含倒生胚珠2枚,为厚珠心,具珠心喙,胚囊为蓼形;平丹1号余甘部分大孢子母细胞、大孢子及胚囊发育异常,致使不能形成正常的卵细胞,不能进行受精。The megasporegenesis, microsporogenesis and development of female and male gametophyte of Phyllanthus emblica L. cultivar pingdan-1 were studied by way of parafiqn section technique. The results showed that development of the anther wall of Phyllanthus emblica L. pingdan-1 followed the dicotyledonous type. The tapetum was glandular tapetum. The cytokinesis belonged to simultaneous type. The tetreds with tetrahedrons came into being during microsporocyte＇ s meiosis; The mature pollen grain was the two-celled type; the gynoecia of Phyllanthus emblica L. pingdan-1 had epigynous ovary, 3 carpels, 3 loculuses with 2 anatropous ovules which were crassinucellate respectively, and the embryo sac of the gynoecia in Phyllanthus emblica L. pingdan-1 was Polygonum type; The observations proved that the megasporocytes, megaspores and embryo sac of Phyllanthus emblica L. pingdan-1 grow abnormally, the female flowers cannot create the normal egg cells and process fertilization.

关 键 词：余甘 大 小孢子 雌、雄配子体 发育 

分 类 号：S668.9[农业科学—果树学]