养殖密度对白点鲑幼鱼生长、存活以及行为的影响  

Effects of stocking density on growth,survival and behavior of juvenile Siberian charr Salvelinus leucomaenis

作　　者：张永泉[1] 尹家胜[1] 王丙乾[1] 刘奕[2] 李永发[1] 李建兴[1] 白庆利[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]东北农业大学研究生学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《大连水产学院学报》2009年第6期520-524,共5页Journal of Dalian Fisheries University

基　　金：黑水研基本科研专项(2008HSYZX-YZ-01);农业部鱼类生物育种实验室项目(2008NYBZS-01);黑龙江省攻关项目(2009G0814-00)

摘　　要：研究了养殖密度(3.33、6.93、10.01、13.65 kg/m3)对白点鲑Salvelinus leucomaenis幼鱼生长、存活和行为的影响。经48 d的养殖试验,结果表明:养殖密度对白点鲑幼鱼存活率、肥满度影响差异不显著,对其生长离散影响差异显著(P=0.001);体重变异系数(CV)与养殖密度(SD)呈正相关(CV=0.288SD-5.999,R=0.875,P=0.004);特定增长率(SGR)随着养殖密度的增加不断减小,二者呈显著负相关(SGR=15.220-5.908SD,R=-0.832,P=0.005),但净增重随着养殖密度的增加不断增加,且各密度组最终净增重差异极显著(P=0.000);养殖密度对白点鲑幼鱼的活动行为有一定的影响,低密度鱼集群性较低,对光线、声音等外界刺激反应比较敏感,大部分鱼都在水体底层进食,投饵时易剩料;高密度组的幼鱼相遇频率要高于低密度环境中的频率,彼此相互碰撞与避让,鱼类出现游动急躁情况。The juvenile Siberian charr Salvelinus leucomaenis was cultured at 4 different stocking densities of 3.33, 6.93, 10.01 kg/m3 and 13.65 kg/m3 for 48 days to evaluate the influences of stocking density on growth, survival and behavior. The results showed that there were no significant effects on survival and condition factor, but significant effect on the variation in growth （P =0.001 ）. There was a positive correlation between the body weight coefficient variation and the stocking density（ CV = 0. 288SD -5.999, R =0. 875, P =0.004）. The specific growth rate was diminished with the increase in stocking density, with significant negative correlation （SGR = 15. 220 -5. 908 SD, R = - 0. 832, P = 0. 005） and the net gain was increased with the increase in stocking density （P = 0.000）. The behavior was, to some extent, affected by stocking density. The fishes feeding at the bottom at lower density had lower aggregation, and more uneaten food and were sensitive to the environmental stimulus including light, and sound. There was more frequency in aggregation in higher density than that in lower density, leading to irritable.

关 键 词：白点鲑 养殖密度 变异系数 特定生长率 存活率 

分 类 号：Q174[生物学—水生生物学]