粉煤灰堆场植被恢复过程的养分效应及重金属变化特征  

Efficiency of nutrition and heavy metal variable features in coal ash stacking yard during vegetation restoration

作　　者：王笑峰[1,2] 蔡体久[1] 龚文峰[2] 任晓旭[1] 刘文勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,150040 [2]黑龙江大学水利电力学院,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2009年第6期68-73,109,共7页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：黑龙江省科技攻关项目"工矿区废弃地植被恢复与生态重建技术研究"(GA06B302-8)

摘　　要：对黑龙江省鸡西滴道矸石电厂粉煤灰堆场自然植被恢复方式与人工恢复方式中粉煤灰基质养分、重金属含量变化特征进行研究,分析不同恢复方式对基质养分、重金属污染物状况的影响规律。结果表明:1)粉煤灰基质中养分含量极不均衡,有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷等营养元素严重缺乏,速效钾含量较丰富;2)粉煤灰在自然堆放过程中存在养分流失现象,全效性养分的流失程度高于速效性养分的流失程度;3)人工植被恢复过程极显著地改善了表层基质的养分状况,有机质含量增加459.28%,全氮增加238.46%,全磷增加131.4%,速效性N、P、K含量分别提高30.17%、56.29%、22.58%;4)粉煤灰堆场主要超标重金属为Hg,客土沙棘恢复方式有效降低了粉煤灰基质重金属含量,Hg、Cu、Cr含量相对自然恢复草地分别降低了66.93%6、8.82%和16.09%。This paper is conducted in the nutrient and heavy metal characteristics of coal ash substrates during natural vegetation restoration and artificial vegetation restoration in coal ash pile of Di-dao gangue fired power plant in JIXI Heilongjiang province,and the effect of different vegetation restoration on nutrient and heavy metal status of coal ash substrates is analyzed.Results are as below： 1） the nutrient content of coal ash substrates is extremely disproportion,organic matter,total N and available P are extreme deficiency,available N and available K are rich.2） During the processes of pilling up,the nutrients in the coal ash is leaching.The loss degree of total nutrition is higher than that of available nutrition.3） The artificial vegetation restoration processes could significantly improve the nutrient status of surface coal ash substrates.the organic matter content increases by 459.28%,total N content increases by 238.46%,total P content increases by 131.4%,contents of available N、P and K increase by 30.17%,56.29% and 22.58% respectively.4）Hg is the main heavy metal exceeding standard in the coal ash stacking yard and carrying soil restoration pattern decreases efficiently the amount of heavy metal in the coal ash substrates.Compared with the heavy metal in the sample fields with natural vegetation restoration,the amount of Hg,Cu,and Cr has decreases by 66.93%,68.82% and 16.09% separately.

关 键 词：粉煤灰 植被恢复 养分效应 重金属 

分 类 号：S725.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种] X132[农业科学—林学]