泥沙输移比的研究方法及成果分析  

Research methods and results analysis of sediment delivery ratio

作　　者：李林育[1,2] 焦菊英[1] 陈杨[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广州510635 [3]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2009年第6期113-122,共10页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目"中国主要水蚀区土壤侵蚀过程与调控研究"课题"区域水土流失过程与趋势分析"(2007CB407203);国家科技支撑计划项目课题"黄土高原水土流失综合防治技术研究"(2006BAD09B10)

摘　　要：泥沙输移比是反映流域侵蚀产沙输移能力的指标,对正确评价水土保持减沙效益及流域治理决策有着重要的科学意义与应用价值。对国内外泥沙输移比的研究方法及成果进行总结与分析,认为泥沙输移比的研究方法可分为直接计算(根据定义)与模型计算(通过建立泥沙输移比模型)2种。直接计算的关键是土壤侵蚀量的获取,而计算模型目前主要有因子经验模型、分布式模型与物理模型。在对泥沙输移比研究中土壤侵蚀量获取方法及建立的泥沙输移比模型进行总结与评述的基础上,按黄河流域、长江流域、国内其他地区及国外一些地区,分析了其泥沙输移比的研究成果,讨论了目前泥沙输移比研究中存在的3个问题及今后的发展方向。Sediment delivery ratio（SDR） is an index that reflects the transport capacity of eroded sediment in the watershed,and has both scientific significance and application values for benefit evaluation on sediment reduction of soil and water conservation and decision-making of watershed management.This paper summarizes and analyses the research methods and results of the SDR at home and abroad.There are two methods in the SDR research： direct calculation based on the definition of SDR and model calculation based on SDR models.The key of the direct calculation is how to obtain soil erosion amount,while the calculation models mainly includes three kinds at present： factor empirical model,distributed model and physical model.Based on the summarization and review of the soil erosion amount obtaining methods and existed SDR models,the research results of SDR in Yellow River Basin,Yangtze River Basin,other domestic regions,and some regions abroad are analyzed,and the problems research direction of SDR are discussed.

关 键 词：泥沙输移比 侵蚀量 输沙量 泥沙输移比模型 研究方法 成果分析 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S715.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]