利用小染色体的促进结实基因提高缺体小麦结实性研究  

THE INVESTIGATION OF INCREASING WHEAT NULLISOMIC FERTILITY USED THE ENHANCING FERTILITY GENES ON MICROCHROMOSOMES

作　　者：徐旗[1] 田增荣[1] 朱建峰[1] 余玲[1] 李滨[2] 李振声[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院,陕西省西北植物研究所陕西省植物遗传工程育种重点实验室 [2]中国科学院遗传研究所植物细胞及染色体工程国家重点实验室

出　　处：《西北植物学报》1998年第3期325-329,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

摘　　要：分别对含有小染色体的小偃５号、小偃６号和７２１８０小麦品种自花结实４Ｄ缺体（依次编号为ＨＮ５、ＨＮ６和ＨＮ７）及其相应二体及正常４Ｄ缺体的５种农艺性状相对指数的研究表明：在４Ｄ缺体遗传背景下，小染色体载有促进结实基因；这三种自花结实缺体的小染色体对４Ｄ染色体缺失效应均有部分补偿作用，小偃６号自花结实４Ｄ缺体小染色体的这种补偿能力最强，小偃５号自花结实４Ｄ缺体小染色体的这种补偿能力最弱。将小偃６号自花结实４Ｄ缺体的小染色体导入５Ａ缺体，附加一对小染色体的５Ａ缺体结实率较正常５Ａ缺体的提高１２．５％，证明利用这种小染色体的促进结实基因提高缺体结实性的途径是可行的。kinds of morphological traits of fertile 4D nullisomics of wheat cultivar Xiaoyan No.5.Xiaoyan No.6 and 72180 (named as HN5,HN6 and HN7 respectively) and their respective common 4D nullisomics and disomics were in vestigated.Under the genetic background of 4D nullisomics,3 kinds of microchromosomes in HN5,HN6 and HN7 carry enhancing fertility genes.They can compensate the effect of 4D chromosome absence partly.The compensating ability of microchromosomes in HN6 is the highest and that in HN5 is the lowest.5A nullisomic added one pair of microchromosome from HN6 was bred.Its fertility is 12.5% high than common 5A nullisomic.Thus the method by which increase nullisomic fertility used the enhancing fertility genes on microchromosomes is practicable.

关 键 词：小染色体 缺体小麦 结实性 小麦 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学] S512.103.2[农业科学—作物学]