含酯基位阻季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的合成  

Synthesis and Properties of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Cationic Surfactant with Ester Groups in Condition of Steric Hindrance

作　　者：胡应燕[1] 郭睿[1] 彭莉[1] 窦蓓蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《皮革与化工》2009年第6期5-8,共4页Leather And Chemicals

基　　金：陕西省工业攻关计划项目(2007K07-08)

摘　　要：以十二烷基二甲基叔胺与环氧氯丙烷为原料,合成中间体(2,3-环氧丙基)十二烷基二甲基氯化铵,再进一步合成含酯基位阻季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂(2-羟基-3-月桂酰氧基丙基)十二烷基二甲基氯化铵,研究合成工艺,优化反应条件。目的产物经FTIR、1H NMR、13C NMR进行结构鉴定,测得产物的cmc为8.91×10-4mol/L及γcmc为34.12 mN/m,证明所合成的含酯基位阻季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂具有较高的表面活性。The intermediate （2,3-epoxypropyl） dimethyl-ammonium chloride was prepared by N, N-Dimethyl dodeeylamine and epichlorohydrin as main monomer. Then the target product （2-hydroxy-3-lauryl acyloxypropyl） dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride was obtained by reacting the intermediate and the laurie acid. synthesis processes were studied and reaction conditions were optimized. Structure of target product was characterized by infrared spectrum, ^1 H-NMR and ^13 C-NMR. Sulfaee activities of the product were measured. They were critical micelle concentration 8.91 × 10^-4 mol/L, surface tension 34.12 N/re. The results showed that the quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant in condition of sterie hindrance had excellent surface activity.

关 键 词：酯基 位阻 季铵盐 合成 

分 类 号：TQ423.121[化学工程]