不同大豆品种幼苗叶片光合及叶绿素荧光特性对套作遮荫的响应  

The effects of shading on photosynthetic and fluorescent characteristics of soybean seedlings under maize-soybean relay cropping

作　　者：宋艳霞[1] 杨文钰[1] 李卓玺[1] 于晓波[1] 郭凯[1] 向达兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2009年第4期474-479,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-004-10);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金

摘　　要：选用4个耐荫性有差异的大豆品种为材料,通过与单作比较,研究了套作遮荫时不同大豆品种幼苗叶片光合及叶绿素荧光特性的差异。结果表明,套作遮荫提高了大豆叶片叶绿素含量、总叶绿素与类胡萝卜素比值(Chl(a+b)/Car)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)、水分利用效率(WUE)、叶片初始荧光(Fo)、PSⅡ有效光化学量子产量(Fv′/Fm′)和实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ);使叶绿素a与叶绿素b比值(Chla/b)、类胡萝卜素(Car)含量、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、气孔限制值(Ls)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、光化学荧光猝灭系数(qP)、非光化学荧光猝灭(NPQ)呈减小趋势。套作遮荫降低了大豆地上部分干物质积累量,其干物质积累量与Pn呈极显著正相关。耐荫性相对较好的材料,如贡选1号和南豆12在套作遮荫下Pn下降较少,且有着相对较高的Chlb、Car分子组成比例、Fo和Fv/Fm。The effects of shading on photosynthetic and fluorescent characteristics of soybean seedlings were studied under maize-soybean relay cropping and monoculture. The results showed that under relay cropping condition, there were increases of chlorophyll content, total-chlorophyll/carotenoids [ Chl （ a ＋ b）/Car ] ratios, ratio of intercellular to ambient CO2, water-use efficiency, minimal fluorescence （ Fo）, photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ in the light （Fv′/Fm′） and the actual photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ in the light （ΦPS Ⅱ ）, although there were decrease of Chla/b ratios, carotenoids, net photosynthesis rate （ Pn）, stomata conductance （ Gs）, stomata limitation （Ls） ,transpiration rate （Tr） ,maximal photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ in the dark （Fv/Fm）, photosynthetic active fluorescence quenching （qP） and nonphochemieal fluorescence quenching （NPQ）. Poor light led to lower weight of dry matter accumulation in maize-soybean relay cropping. The dry matter accumulation was highly significantly correlated to Pn. In shading tolerance soybean cultivars such as Gongxuan 1 and Nandou 12, there were less Pn decreasing.more Chlb. Car and Fo. and higher Fv/Fm.

关 键 词：大豆 单作 套作 遮荫 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S565.101[农业科学—作物学]