横窦引流小脑桥静脉的形态特点及其临床意义  

Morphological investigation of cerebellar bridging veins draining into transverse sinus

作　　者：陶伟[1,2] 邓雪飞[1] 韩卉[1] 朱友余[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学人体解剖学教研室,合肥230032 [2]安徽理工大学医学院人体解剖学教研室,淮南232001

出　　处：《解剖学杂志》2009年第6期809-811,共3页Chinese Journal of Anatomy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30771137）;安徽省自然科学基金（070413072）;安徽省学术与技术带头人科研基金

摘　　要：目的：通过显微解剖和铸型方法观察横窦引流小脑桥静脉的形态特点，为小脑幕下手术入路的选择提供形态学依据。方法：分别观测30例（60侧）静脉内灌注蓝色乳胶的成人头颅湿标本和观察12例胎儿和幼儿的脑静脉血管铸型。结果：横窦引流小脑桥静脉按其注入小脑幕处所在位置的不同，分为窦汇组（28％）、小脑幕组（36％）和岩部组（36％）3组，3组桥静脉的数目差异无统计学意义，各组桥静脉的直径分别为（1．6±0．7）mm，（1．9±0．7）mm，（1．9±0．7）mm。7％的病例缺乏窦汇组桥静脉，13％的病例缺乏小脑幕组桥静脉，每侧显微解剖标本至少存在一根岩部组桥静脉。结论：小脑幕下手术中，旁正中入路损伤桥静脉的机会最小，术前建议进行影像学检查以选择合适的手术入路。Objective： The cerebellar bridging veins draining into transverse sinus were observed by microanatomy and cerebral vascular casting, to provide a morphological basis for the choice of the infratentorial supracerebellar approach. Methods： Thirty cadaver heads （60 sides） injected with blue gelatin were dissected, and twelve fetal human cadavers vascular casting were observed. Results： Based on the location of the dural entrance where a vein entered tentorium of cerebellum, the cerebellar bridging veins draining into transverse sinus were divided into three subgroups： confluence sinus group （28%）, tentorial group （36%）, and petrosal group （36%）. There was no difference in the number of the veins of three subgroups. The average diameter of the bridging veins of each subgroup was （1.6±0.7）mm, （1.9±0.7）mm, and （1.9±0.7）mm, respectively. The veins of confluence sinus group and tentorial group were absent in 8 and 13 percent of the cadavers. The veins of the petrosal group were observed in all sides of the cadavers. Conclusion： In general, the paramedian supratentorial approach has the least chance to sacrifice the cerebellar bridging veins. The preoperative venogram is useful for the choice of the infratentorial supracerebellar approach.

关 键 词：小脑桥静脉 横窦 显微解剖 血管铸型 

分 类 号：R331.34[医药卫生—人体生理学] R657.4[医药卫生—基础医学]