少数民族地区艾滋病病毒感染者艾滋病相关知识及危险性行为调查  

Survey on AIDS Awareness and Risky Sexual Behaviors Among PLWHA in Minority Areas in China

作　　者：王丽艳[1] 单多[1,2] 葛增[1,2] 王璐[1] 张丽芬[3] 段松 康永然[5] 杨建华 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]北京协和医学院公共卫生学院 [3]北京协和医学院基础医学院 [4]德宏傣族景颇族自治州疾病预防控制中心 [5]德宏傣族景颇族自治州盈江县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第1期23-26,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：卫生部艾滋病防治应用性研究项目(资助号:WA-2007-06)

摘　　要：目的了解少数民族地区艾滋病病毒(HI V)感染者艾滋病相关知识和危险性行为状况。方法对云南省德宏州某县2006年1月-2008年6月检测出的HI V感染者进行问卷调查,调查内容主要为一般人口学特征、艾滋病相关知识和危险性行为状况等。结果366名调查对象中汉族占45.9%,少数民族占54.1%,其中傣族占50.5%,景颇族占43.9%。汉族、傣族和景颇族的HI V感染者艾滋病知识总体知晓率分别为66.7%、45.0%和54.0%(χ2=12.59,P<0.05),且文化程度越高,艾滋病知识知晓率越高(趋势χ2=17.64,P<0.001)。汉族、傣族和景颇族HI V感染者中过去6个月与固定性伴发生性行为时能够坚持使用安全套的比例分别为9.7%、1.2%和1.5%;差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.10,P<0.05)。20人自报过去6个月内有1个以上的非固定性伴,其中12人与非固定性伴发生性行为时未能坚持使用安全套。结论调查对象艾滋病相关知识的知晓水平有待提高,危险性行为的发生仍然存在,应制定适合少数民族HI V感染者的艾滋病防治策略,提高感染者对艾滋病的认知态度,降低危险性行为,预防艾滋病传播。Objective To explore the status of AIDS awareness and risky sexual behaviors among people living with HIV/ AIDS （PLWHA） in minority areas in China. Methods Convenient sampling method was used to recruit 366 people who were tested HIV positive between Jan. 2006 and Jun. 2008 in a certain county of Dehong Prefecture, Yunan Province, and questionnaires were used to investigate demographic characteristics, AIDS awareness and related risky sexual behaviors. Results The proportion of the Hans was 45.9% and ethnic minority was 54.1% of which Dai ethnic minority was 50.5%, Jingpo ethnic minority was 43.9%. Chisquare analysis showed that the AIDS awareness rates of the Hans, Dai ethnic minority, and Jingpo ethnic minority were 66.7%, 45.0%, and 54.0%, respectively （Χ^2 = 12.59, P〈0.05）, moreover, the higher education level and the higher AIDS awareness rate （tendency Χ^2 = 17.64, P 〈 0.001）. Only 9.7 % of the Hans, 1.2% of Dai ethnic minority, and 1.5 % of Jingpo ethnic minority insisted on using condom when having sex with their regular sexual partners in the past 6 months, and the difference of condom use among these three nationalities had statistical significance （Χ^2 = 9.10, P〈0.05）. 20 respondents self- reportedly had multiple sexual partners during the past 6 months and among them, 12 did not use condoms when having sex with casual sexual partners. Conclusions AIDS awareness rate should be increased and the frequency of condom use is low. Therefore, oriented prevention and intervention strategies must be made to promote AIDS cognition, decrease risky sexual behaviors among this population, and prevent the spread of AIDS.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒(HIV) 危险性行为 少数民族地区 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]