岳阳市学龄儿童行为问题城乡差异及其影响因素分析  

Analysis on Urban-rural Differences in Behavioral Problems of School-age Children and Its Impact Factors in Yueyang City

作　　者：付本燕[1] 尚云峰[1] 付云[1] 郭少三[1] 

机构地区：[1]岳阳职业技术学院,湖南岳阳414000

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第1期33-36,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省医药卫生科研计划项目<学龄儿童行为异常与影响因素及干预技术的流行病学研究>(批准号:B2007197)

摘　　要：目的研究学龄儿童行为问题城乡差异及其影响因素。方法运用"Rutter儿童行为量表"和家庭环境因素调查问卷,随机抽样调查4 863名6～13岁在校学龄儿童行为问题及家庭环境因素。结果学龄儿童家庭环境因素城乡差异显著(P<0.05),城区学龄儿童父母文化程度普遍高于农村学龄儿童父母文化程度。农村学龄儿童家庭环境中口角家庭、暴力家庭、经济状况差的家庭、家长对儿童教育所花精力少的家庭及儿童受隔代监护、单亲监护、亲友监护和同辈/自我监护等不良因素的比例高于城区学龄儿童家庭。岳阳市学龄儿童行为问题现患率为9.19%,其中城区为4.94%、农村为14.03%,农村:城市=2.84:1(χ2=119.69,P<0.05),学龄儿童行为问题男性多于女性,男性儿童行为问题"A行为">"M行为">"N行为",女性儿童则为"A行为">"N行为">"M行为",学龄儿童行为问题随年龄增长而增加。结论农村学龄儿童家庭环境不良因素多于城区,农村学龄儿童行为问题现患率高于城区,男性高于女性,学龄儿童行为问题现患率与年龄相关联。Objective To study the urban- rural differences in behavioral problems among the school- age children and its influencing factors. Methods Using ＂Rutter Child Behavior Scale＂ and Family Environment Factors Questionnaire to survey 4,863 school- age children aged between 6 and 13 years randomly. Results Urban- rural differences in family environment factors were significant （P 〈 0.0.5）, parental education level, of urban children was generally higher than that of rural children. The proportion of adverse factors in family environment of rural children was higher than that of urban family children. The prevalence rate of behavioral problems in school - age children of Yueyang was 9.19%, of which city was 4.94%, rural area was 14.03%, and the ratio was 2.84：1 （Χ^2 = 119.59, P〈0.0.5）. Behavioral problems in male was higher than those in female; male child behavior problems reflected ＂behavior A＂ 〉 ＂behavior M＂ 〉 ＂behavior N＂; female children behavior problems reflected ＂behavior A＂ 〉 ＂behavior N＂ 〉 ＂behavior M＂; school-age children＇s behavioral problems increased with age. Conclusions Adverse factors in family environment of school - age children in rural areas are higher than those of children in urban areas, the prevalence rate of behavioral problems in school - age children of rural areas is higher than that in school - age children of urban areas, behavior problems in males are higher than those in females, and the prevalence rate of behavioral problems is associated with age.

关 键 词：学龄儿童 行为问题 城乡差异 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]