安徽淮河以北地区疟疾流行因素的定性研究  

A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF EPIDEMIC FACTORS OF MALARIA IN THE NORTH OF HUAIHE RIVER IN ANHUI

作　　者：张志华[1] 刘晓云 陶芳标[1] 郝加虎[1] 肖亚男[1] 刘浏[1] 詹露静[1] 汤胜蓝[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,合肥230032 [2]英国利物浦热带医学院 [3]世界卫生组织北京办事处

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2010年第1期121-124,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]了解安徽省淮河以北地区疟疾的流行因素,为疟疾防制措施的制定提供一定的依据。[方法]由3名经过严格培训的研究人员作为访谈员,选择22名关键知情人、卫生服务人员和病人进行个体深入访谈,选择18名普通居民进行3个专题小组访谈。访谈的内容全部录音,并以文字形式录入电脑,然后使用MAXqda软件进行内容分析。[结果]近年来疟疾病例出现发病时间向后推移的现象,大部分病人为新发病例。农村病人绝大部分首次就诊的地点在村卫生室,部分病人按感冒发热进行治疗。督导服药主要由村医完成,绝大部分病人都能服完整个疗程,但有少部分病人由于药物的副反应没有坚持服完。居民获得疟疾知识的途径主要是通过宣传单、标语和医生的宣传等,通过电视媒体的少。大部分居民和病人对疟疾发病的典型症状、传播途径、治疗和预防方法有一定的了解。疟疾防治中可能存在的问题为人口流动、村医的工作积极性和病人的耐药性问题。[结论]在强调对疟疾病例及时、规范治疗的同时,一方面加强服药的督导和疟疾的宣传工作,另一方面应该着力解决村医的补助和流动人口的管理问题。[Objective] To understand epidemic factors of malaria of north Huaihe River in Anhui province and provide some refer ences for malaria control. [Methods] Totally 22 key informant interviews,individual interviews towards health providers and patients and three focus group discussions with general residents were conducted by 3 trained interviewers. All interviews were tape recorded and transcribed. Data were analyzed by MAXqda software. [Results] In recent years,the time of malaria occurrence was extended. Most patients were new cases. In rural areas,most patients firstly saw doctors in village clinics and some were treated as cold. Village doctors took charge of supervision of medicine taking. Most patients could complete full course of treatment,however,there were small number of patients who could not because of side effects. Residents got knowledge of malaria mainly through leaflets,posters and health education of doctors,less from TV. Most patients and residents had some knowledge of typical symptoms,transmission,treatment and prevention methods of malaria. Possible problems existing in malaria control were floating population,enthusiasm of village doctors and drug resistance. [Conclusion] Standard and timely treatment for malaria cases should be available. Further more,supervision of taking medicine should be strengthened and sub-sidy to village doctors as well as floating population management should be emphasized.

关 键 词：疟疾/流行病学 流行因素 个体深入访谈 专题小组访谈 定性研究 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]