GA_3和6-BA混合处理对葡萄果穗致畸的发育解剖学研究  

Anatomical Study on the Abnormal Development and Growth of Grape Cluster Treated with the Mixture of GA_3 and 6-BA

作　　者：宋晓燕[1] 郁松林[1] 何娟[1] 郑强卿[1] 张校立[1] 李中华[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第12期2492-2501,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30760144)

摘　　要：采用不同含量GA3+6-BA激素于葡萄开花前和盛花期喷施‘全球红’葡萄果穗,并对激素处理和对照不同时期果穗的解剖学结构特征进行比较分析,以探讨外源激素对葡萄果穗的致畸原因。结果表明:(1)不同含量激素均可使葡萄穗轴弯曲、硬化,果粒僵化并出现大小粒现象,果穗着色晚、成熟期推迟,其中30 mg/kg GA3+10 mg/kg 6-BA处理最为严重。(2)解剖学观察发现,处理30 mg/kg GA3+10 mg/kg 6-BA较对照在一定程度上促进了果穗细胞的分裂和分化,致皮层、髓腔以及果粒果皮等不同组织细胞变形,促使皮层细胞数量增加和细胞的不均匀变化以及髓腔变形。(3)GA3+6-BA处理促进了其维管柱组织的次生生长和木栓化细胞的增加。(4)葡萄果穗畸变主要集中发生于果穗生长发育的中后期,即花后20 d至花后40 d。Treated with the mixture of GA3 and 6-BA while the before full bloom and full stage,the anatomical differences of Red Globe cluster were observed with microscope and the cause of abnormal development and growth was analyzed.It was proved that：（1）The curved and hardening of spike-stalk and the petrification of fruit,minor/major fruit were caused by different-content hormones treated,as well as that the pigmentation of grape cluster was delayed,and the autumn was later than that of control.The treatment with 30 mg/kg GA3＋10 mg/kg 6-BA affected badly.（2）It was found that the treatment of 30 mg/kg GA3＋10 mg/kg 6-BA promoted cell division and differentiation.The cell distortion of cortex,pith and pericarp were caused,and so did the increase of cell amount,unevenly change of cell and the transfiguration of pith.（3）Secondary structure and cork cell were increased as a result of the mixture of GA3 and 6-BA treatment.（4）The distortion of cluster was centralized in mid-and late stage during growth and development of grape cluster,about 20 to 40 days after full blooms.

关 键 词：激素 '全球红’葡萄 果穗 畸形 解剖学研究 

分 类 号：Q944.59[生物学—植物学]