鄂西南路基边坡影响土壤侵蚀量因素分析  

Factors Influencing Soil Erosion on Roadbed Side Slope in Southwest Hubei Province

作　　者：何凡[1] 陈宗伟[2] 王金娟[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]交通部科学研究院,北京100029 [3]湖北沪蓉西高速公路指挥部,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2009年第6期168-171,181,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目"南方山区公路水土保持监测指标体系与方法研究";国家科技支撑计划项目"长江上游坡耕地整治与高效生态农业关键技术试验示范"(2008BAD98B08);中国水科院科研专项课题"秦巴山区湿润黄土坡耕地整治技术水土保持效益研究"(泥集0910)

摘　　要：为深入了解路基边坡土壤侵蚀过程及其影响因素,以位于鄂西南的湖北沪蓉西高速公路恩施至利川段公路路基边坡作为研究对象,在天然降雨条件下进行土壤侵蚀观测,对路基边坡土壤侵蚀的主导因子进行分析判断。结果表明,影响土壤侵蚀量的最主要因素是降雨过程,总体上降雨量、降雨历时和降雨强度对土壤侵蚀量产生的影响较为接近;在坡度较缓的坡面,降雨量的影响大于降雨强度,而在坡度较陡的坡面,降雨强度的影响大于降雨量;在以时间为变化序列的因素中,对土壤侵蚀的影响大小顺序依次为:降雨>土壤含水量>植被覆盖度;土壤侵蚀量与坡长、坡度均不存在显著相关关系,与坡长相比,土壤侵蚀量对坡度的变化更为敏感。In order to study soil erosion processes and their influence factors on roadbed side slope, the road- bed side slope of Hurongxi expressway from Enshi to Lichuan located in Southwest Hubei Province was taken as a study object. The analysis of main factors of soil erosion on the roadbed side slope was carried based on soil erosion observation under the natural rainfall condition. The analysis indicates that rainfall process was the most important factor influencing soil erosion and as a whole the effects of rainfall amount, rainfall duration, and rainfall intensity on soil erosion were relatively similar. On a relatively gentle slope, the influence of rainfall amount was greater than that of rainfall intensity, but on a relatively steep slope, the influence of rainfall intensity was greater than that of rainfall amount. Taking the time as change sequence, the factors influencing soil erosion were in such an order of rainfall〉soil moisture content 〉 vegetation degree of coverage. Soil erosion did not have a remarkable correlation with slope length and gradient, but was more sensitive to the change in gradient.

关 键 词：路基 土壤侵蚀 鄂西南 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] U416[农业科学—农业基础科学]