水稻生育前中期几个株型指标的动态关系及其对产量的影响  

Research on the Dynamic Relationship among Plant Type Indexes in the Former Medium-term Rice Growth and its Impact on Yield

作　　者：丁章忠[1] 强红[2] 孙成明[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州环境资源职业技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第2期639-640,698,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：扬州大学自然科学基金项目(MK0513118);扬州市农业科技计划项目(YN06037)

摘　　要：[目的]研究水稻生育前中期主要株型指标的动态变化,为水稻高产株型栽培提供理论依据。[方法]以杂交籼稻汕优63和粳稻武香粳14为材料,通过栽插密度及肥水调控等措施,培育不同产量水平的群体,分析水稻生育前中期几个株型指标的动态关系及其对产量的影响。[结果]水稻有效分蘖临界叶龄期(N-n)的叶片松散度和叶鞘载叶量对单茎蘖干重的影响要高于拔节期,并通过调节拔节期株型而间接影响单茎蘖干重。同时抽穗期叶片的光合作用对产量的影响要高于拔节期,而拔节期叶片光合量通过抽穗期的光合速率对产量有较大的间接影响,其影响程度已接近抽穗期的直接影响。[结论]水稻有效分蘖临界叶龄期(N-n)控制叶面积发展、促进叶鞘干物质积累与拔节期同等重要,同时提高拔节期及抽穗后叶片的光合能力对进一步提高产量都有积极的作用。[Objective] The theoretical basis of the high-yielding plant type of rice（Oryza sativa） cultivation was provided through the study on the dynamic change of main plant type indexes in the former medium-term rice growth. [ Method] The hybrid rice Shanyou 63 and conventional japonica rice-Wuxiangjing 14 being taken as experimental material, the dynamic relationship among plant type indexes in the former modium-term rice growth and its impact on yield were analyzed through the construction of rice populations with the different yield levels based on the measure of the planting density and fertilizer/water regulation. [Results] The effect of the leaf loose degree and number of leaf in each sheath on the dry weight per single tiller in the critical leaf age period of effective tillers of rice（N-n） was higher than that of the jointing stage and the dry weight per single tiller could be directly affected through the adjustment of the plant type in the jointing stage. At the same time, the effect of photosyn- thesis in leaf on rice yield in heading was higher than that in the jointing stage, while the photosynthetic capacity in the jointing stage might greatly and indirectly impact yield because they could be passed through the photosynthetic rate in the heading stage, and its impacting efficiency was close to the direct effects in heading stage. [ Conclusion] The control of leaf area and the promotion of dry matter aeeumulation in leaf sheath in beth the N-n stage and jointing stage were equally important, while it had a positive role in further improvement of rice yield to increase the photosynthetic capacity of leaf in the jointing stage and after heading stage.

关 键 词：水稻 前中期 叶片松散度 叶鞘载叶量 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]