常德市外来物种三叶鬼针草的形态建成与危害研究  

Research on the Morphogenesis and Hazard of Alien Species Bidens pilosa L.in Changde City

作　　者：周国庆[1] 官旋[1] 彭友林[1] 王云[1] 周国峰 王文龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院,湖南常德415000 [2]湖南省益阳市农业局,湖南益阳413000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第2期880-882,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省科技厅项目(06CK3049);湖南文理学院创新团队项目(05CX01)

摘　　要：[目的]调查常德市外来物种三叶鬼针草不同时期的形态特征和危害程度。[方法]对野外采集的24株三叶鬼针草幼苗进行移栽种植,任其生长,观测三叶鬼针草的生长发育规律;在常德市武陵区护城乡选择5个观察点观测三叶鬼针草的危害情况。[结果]三叶鬼针草的形态特征为:植株可高达258 cm,日增长在快速生长期为2.69 cm;一次分枝对数最多可达27对,快速生长期内每5 d发生一对;一次分枝快速生长期内日增长1.63 cm;二次分枝长最长可达49 cm,日增长0.45 cm;危害情况观测结果显示,三叶鬼针草在护城乡的发生频率为20%,尚不严重,分布、危害面积不多,但在已发生三叶鬼针草的地域,发生密度较高,应及时防除。[结论]该研究为三叶鬼针草的综合防除提供科学依据。Abstract [ Objective ] The study aimed to investigate the morphological characteristics of alien species Bidens pilosa L. in Changde City and its harm degree. [ Method] The seedlings of 24 B. pilosa plants selected in the field were transplanted and grown with any interference to observe the law of growth and development of B. pilosa. 5 observing sites in Hucheng township of Wuling District, Changde City were selected to survey the harm status of B. pilosa. [ Result ] The morphological characteristics of B. pilosa were as follows ： the plant height was as high as 258 cm with the daily increment of 2.69 cm in the fast growing date;The amount of the primary branches was as most as 27 pairs with a pair occurred every 5 d in the fast growing date ;The daily increment of the length of the primary branch was 1.63 cm in the fast growing date;The length of the secondary branch was as high as 48 cm with the daily increment of 0.45 cm. Observation on the harm status of B. pilosa showed that the occurrence of B. pilosa in Hucheng township was 20% and the distribution and harmed area of B. pilosa in this district was not big, but the occurrence density of B. pilosa was higher in Hucheng Town where B. pilosa was occurred, so it should be timely controlled. [ Conclusion] This study provided the scientific basis for the comprehensive control of B. pilosa.

关 键 词：常德市 外来物种 三叶鬼针草 形态建成 危害 

分 类 号：S451.0[农业科学—植物保护]