2006-2008年北京市海淀区中小学校及幼托园水痘暴发疫情分析  

Epidemiologic Characters of Vavricella Outbreaks Among Elementary and Middle Schools and Kindergartens in Haidian District of Beijing From 2006 to 2008

作　　者：富继业[1] 董淑兰[1] 徐若辉[1] 刘洪喜[1] 马天薇[1] 汪侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心,北京100037

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2009年第12期1026-1028,共3页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解北京市海淀区中小学校和幼托园水痘暴发疫情的流行病学特征。方法利用描述流行病学方法,根据国家疾病监测报告管理系统,对海淀区2006-2008年报告的中小学校和幼托园水痘暴发疫情资料进行分析。结果海淀区2006-2008年中小学校和幼托园共报告水痘暴发疫情21起,累计发病317例,无死亡病例,小学水痘暴发疫情16起,占总数的76.2%;暴发疫情主要集中在3～6月、11月和12月;2006-06以后对疫情发生单位中年龄在15岁及以下易感者进行水痘疫苗的免费应急接种,接种率92.6%～100%;暴发疫情时间持续最长65d,最短5d,平均28d(中位数);暴发病例中有水痘疫苗明确免疫史的占41.96%,无免疫史的占49.84%,免疫史不详的占8.20%。结论2006-2008年海淀区报告的中小学校和幼托园水痘暴发疫情逐年增多,小学的水痘暴发疫情比例较大,说明小学生是水痘暴发疫情控制的重点人群,需采取有针对性的控制措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of varicella among elementary and middle schools and kindergartens in Haidian district of Beijing from 2006 to 2008. Methods Descriptively analysis of varicella was made use, the data come from National Notifiable Disease Reporting System（NNDRS）. Results There were 21 varicella out-breaks involving 317 cases reported in elementary and middle schools and kindergartens in Haidian district from 2006 to 2008, without death, and there were 16 varicella outbreaks in elementary school. Most of outbreaks were reported in March to June, November and December. After June 2006 emergency varicella vaccine vaccization were performed for the susceptible children under 15 years old in every varicella outbreak, and coverage of the emergency vaccization amout to 92. 6 percent to 100 percent. Varicella outbreaks lasted 65 days at most and 5 days at least. The percent of varicella cases with variceUa vaccine（VarV） history amounted to 41.96%, without VarV history amounted to 49.84% and with VarV history unknown was 8.20%. Conclusion Elemetary school students are objecive for varicella ourbreaks, and it is recommended that varicella surveillance be strengthened especially in elementary school. VarV Emergency vaccination is effective for varicella outbreak control.

关 键 词：水痘 水痘暴发 应急免疫 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.5[医药卫生—内科学]