先进堆应急计划研究中的若干问题  

Some Issues in the Emergency Plan of Advanced Reactors

作　　者：黄挺[1] 曲静原[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《科技导报》2009年第23期92-95,共4页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：应急计划是核安全纵深防御原则的重要组成部分。相对于目前世界范围内运行的核电厂而言,目前提出的先进堆设计具有更好的安全特性,例如,事故的发生概率很低、事故情况下放射性释放具有较长的延迟时间等。为了增强公众的可接受性和提高核电的竞争能力,核工业界希望政府核安全管理部门能够考虑先进堆的这些安全特性,放宽对先进堆应急计划与准备的相关要求,如简化应急计划。本文首先简要描述核电厂应急计划区划分的一般方法,然后,介绍目前关于先进堆应急计划的研究现状。最后,对先进堆应急计划决策的相关重要问题进行了初步的讨论。Emergency planning is an important component in the strategy of defense in-depth for nuclear safety. As far as the current nuclear power plants in operation over the world are concerned, enhanced safety features are integrated in the design of advanced reactors. For example, their probabilities of occurrence of severe accidents are very low. The time delay before the release of radioactivity into the environment after the initiation of an accident would be considerably long. Based in part on such considerations, the nuclear industry expects that nuclear safety authorities would take this into account when making decisions about emergency planning of advanced reactors. Preferably, the current relevant requirements concerning emergency planning could be relaxed when applied to advanced reactors, and the emergency planning be simplified. This paper presents first the general approach currently used to estimate the size of emergency planning zone. Then the current status of studies on emergency planning of advanced reactors is reviewed. Finally, important issues which should be carefully investigated in the decision making of emergency planning of advanced reactors are discussed.

关 键 词：先进轻水堆 纵深防御 应急计划 应急计划区 

分 类 号：TM623[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]