脑卒中患者医院感染病原菌分布特点及耐药性分析  

Distribution Characteristic and Drug Resistance Analysis of Pathogens in Inpatients with Cerebral Stroke

作　　者：侯艺蕾[1] 赵忠[1] 杜龙敏[1] 张芳[1] 马丽娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]银川市第一人民医院医院感染管理科,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2009年第24期3430-3432,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨脑卒中患者医院感染病例病原菌分布特点及耐药情况,为合理应用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对2003-2008年脑卒中患者的各类标本中分离出的病原菌,采用仪器法或纸片扩散(K-B法)进行药物敏感试验,对病原菌耐药率进行分析。结果分离出的222株病原菌中,革兰阴性杆菌122株,占54.95%,主要为阴沟肠杆菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌;革兰阳性球菌58株,占26.13%,主要为粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌;真菌42株,占18.92%,主要为白色假丝酵母菌;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为73.68%;肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌的超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检出率为60.00%和33.33%。结论加强感染患者病原菌监测和药敏试验,对减少抗菌药物滥用、降低病原菌耐药率、提高治愈率至关重要。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and the drug resistance of pathogens in cerebral stroke patients with hospital infction and to provide a foundation for reasonabie application of antibacterials.METHODS Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from inpatients of burn department from 2003 to 2008,instruments assay or K-B disk diffusion method was taken to carry out the sensitive test.The drug resistance rate of the pathogenic bacteria was analyzed.RESULTS Totally 222 strains were isolated,among which 122 strains were Gram-negative bacteria,58 strains were Gram-positive ones,and 42 strains were fungi.The percentage of these three groups was 54.95%,26.13% and 18.92%,respectively.The main strains of Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,and Enterobacter cloacae,and that of the Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus and S.epidermidis.The major strain of fungi was Candida albicans.The pathogenic bacteria tested showed high drug resistance.The detection rate of the meticillin-resistant S.aureus（MRSA）was 73.68%.The detection rate of the ESBLs from the K.pneumoniae and the E.coli was 60.00% and 33.33 %.CONCLUSIONS The pathogenic bacteria are multidrug-resistant.Inspecting pathogens and strengthening susceptibility tests are very important in reducing drug abuse,decreasing the resistance rate and raising the cure rate in hospital.

关 键 词：脑卒中 感染病例 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]