辽宁省城市学生自杀的现况调查  

The Current Survey on Suicides among Urban Students in Liaoning Province

作　　者：潘松[1] 王宏伟[1] 赵虹[1] 李威[2] 陈凡[3] 陶丽[4] 徐品良[1] 程艳菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心营养食品与学校卫生所,辽宁沈阳110005 [2]鞍山市疾病预防控制中心环境与学校科,辽宁鞍山114000 [3]沈阳市疾病预防控制中心食品与学校科,辽宁沈阳110005 [4]阜新市疾病预防控制中心食品与学校科,辽宁阜新123100

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2009年第6期564-567,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：卫生部"2008年学生常见疾病及危险行为因素控制"重点项目

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省学生自杀现况,为预防学生自杀提供决策依据。方法使用《中国青少年健康危险行为问卷(2008)》,组织学生集体匿名自填。对自杀、自伤及心理情绪问题在学生人群中的分布进行描述;分析心理情绪或自伤与自杀的相关性,研究自杀的停止形态、自杀原因、自杀求助的构成情况。结果自杀意念、计划、未遂发生率分别为11.3%,6.3%,2.5%,男女性差别无统计学意义(P>0.05)。自杀原因以抑郁、学习压力为主(男性41.7%,23.4%;女性32.9%,24.2%)。约70%的自杀的学生未寻求帮助,求助的学生中的求助人员主要为同学和朋友(男性8.9%,女性18.0%)。结论辽宁省学生自杀发生率处于一般水平,学生有抑郁情绪以及学习压力较大是自杀的最主要原因,应加强对学生进行心理干预。Objective To investigate the suicide of students in Liaoning province and to provide plan for the prevention of student suicides. Methods Using ＂China＇s adolescent health risk behavior questionnaire （2008）,＂ students were studied and filled the forms anonymously. The distribution of suicides, self-injuries and mental-emotion disorders in students were described, the relevance of mental-emotion disorders or self-injury and suicide were studied, the composition of the cessation of suicide atterns, the reasons for suicide, help ways of suicide were analyzed. Results The rates of suicide ideation, suicide plan, attempted ones were 11.3%, 6.3%, 2.5%, respectively, and no difference between men and women （P〉0.05）. The rate of suicide, self-injury and mental-emotion disorders were high in Secondary school. Depression or study pressure was the top important reasons for suicide （rates were 41.7% and 23.4% in male, and 32.9% and 24.2% in female）. About 70% of the students did not seek help for his or her suicide, and among those helpers, classmates or friends were the main ones （male 8.9%, female 18.0%）. Conclusion The rate of suicides among students in Liaoning is at a common level, no gender differences, and middle school students is the major group to commit suicide. Depression and studying pressure are the main reasons. The psychological intervention should be strengthened.

关 键 词：自杀 学生 精神卫生 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]