引起机会性感染的常见病原体分析  

Analysis of the common opportunistic pathogens

作　　者：孙富艳[1,2] 卢洪洲[1,3,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市(复旦大学附属)公共卫生临床中心感染科,上海201508 [2]复旦大学上海医学院内科学系,上海200032 [3]复旦大学附属华山医院感染科,上海200040

出　　处：《微生物与感染》2009年第4期241-246,256,共7页Journal of Microbes and Infections

基　　金："十一五"国家科技重大专项(2008ZX10001-008)

摘　　要：机会性致病微生物在机体免疫功能正常时不能导致有明显临床症状的感染性疾病,但当机体微生态失调或免疫功能受损时,可导致明显的临床感染性疾病,甚至危及患者生命。现代医疗技术的进步使先天性免疫功能缺陷、肿瘤等免疫功能降低者生存期延长,滥用抗生素致使正常微生态失调,以及大量耐药变异菌株出现等诸多因素使得临床机会性感染逐渐增多。机会性感染多发生于免疫功能降低者,可为耐药菌或多重耐药菌感染,或为正常菌群致病;临床表现复杂且不典型,给治疗带来极大困难。了解常见机会性感染病原体及其特点对及时诊断和治疗具有重要的临床意义。Opportunistic pathogens do not cause infectious disease when the immune system is intact. However, under microdysbiosis or in an immunocompromised host, they can cause clinical infectious disease and mortality. Opportunistic infections are gradually increasing with the prolonged survival of immunocompromised patients with congenital immunodeficieney or cancer by modern medical treatment and as a result of microdysbiosis that may be caused by the abuse of antibiotics and increases in resistant strains （ single - drug or multi - drug resistant strains）. Clinical manifestations of opportunistic infections appear to be more complex and atypical. Great difficulties exist in clinical treatment of this type of infection. Therefore, careful examination of common opportunistic pathogens and their characteristics has great clinical significance in the accurate diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections.

关 键 词：免疫功能受损 机会性感染 机会性病原体 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]