混凝防止膜污染的研究  

Study of coagulation on preventing membrane fouling

作　　者：陈艳[1,2] 伏小勇[1] 于晓华[3] 董秉直[2] 高乃云[2] 范瑾初[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [3]北京交通大学土木工程学院市政与环境工程系,北京100044

出　　处：《给水排水》2010年第1期113-116,共4页Water & Wastewater Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2002AA601130);兰州交通大学"青蓝"人才工程项目资助;甘肃省自然科学基金项目(2008GS02594)

摘　　要：试验主要研究混凝改善膜通量和防止膜污染的效果。试验的每个工况均为0.1MPa过滤压力,连续膜过滤8h,观察膜通量的变化情况。结果表明:在直接过滤原水的情况下,反冲洗后的膜通量恢复率仅为初始通量的40%;而投加了混凝剂4mg/L和10mg/L(以Al计)后,反冲洗后的膜通量得到了完全的恢复。混凝防止膜污染取决于过滤过程在膜表面形成的滤饼层的性能。在过滤混凝液的情况下,膜表面会形成滤饼层,从而有效地防止膜污染,而在过滤上清液的情况下,无法被混凝去除的中性亲水性的有机物沉积在膜表面,造成膜污染。In this experiment, the effects on improvement of membrane flux and prevention of membrane fouling by coagulation were studied. The results demonstrated： after backwashing, the membrane flux was completely recovered with the addition of coagulant 4 mg/L and 10 mg/L（as AI）, while the membrane flux was only 40% of initial flux without coagulation pretreatment. And it was also found that whether or not the membrane fouling would be prevented by coagulation depended on the possibility of cake layer formation on the membrane surface. If the coagulation fluid was filtered, the coagulation would form a cake layer on the membrane surface and effectively prevent membrane fouling, while if only the clear supernatant fluid was filtered the membrane fouling would appear due to the sedimentation of small, neutral, hydrophilic compounds on the membrane surface.

关 键 词：微污染原水 超滤膜 混凝 滤饼层 膜污染 

分 类 号：TU991.22[建筑科学—市政工程] TQ028.8[化学工程]