大规模无线传感器网络节点部署研究  

Research on the Node Deployment of Large-scale Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：孟中楼[1] 王殊[1] 王骐[1] 赵峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学电子与信息工程系,湖北武汉430074 [2]华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《小型微型计算机系统》2010年第1期13-16,共4页Journal of Chinese Computer Systems

基　　金：国家"九八五"工程项目(基于网格的高性能计算与复杂系统仿真平台建设)资助;中国博士后科学基金(20070410282)资助

摘　　要：无线传感器网络多跳的组网方式导致不同位置的节点能耗分布不均.为避免特定位置节点耗能过多形成能量空洞,以致网络不能有效连通,从而影响网络生存周期,需要对无线传感器网络的节点部署进行规划.本文采用环状能耗模型,根据传感器节点的探测半径,提出了覆盖度优先和连通性优先两种策略进行节点部署.理论计算和仿真实验表明,该分布在有效保证覆盖度和连通性的前提下,使得能耗负载均匀分配在各个节点上,相比于同等情况下的均匀分布策略,该策略能有效的延长节点的生存周期约2.17倍.Multi- hop used in wireless sensor networks leads to uneven distribution of nodes energy consumption in different locations. In order to avoid excessive energy consumption on some nodes location - specific which may conduce energy hole and decrease the network lifetime, it needs some mechanism for the deployment of nodes in wireless sensor networks. Based on the ring model of energy consumption, according to the detection radius of the sensor nodes, it gives two strategies named coverage - first and connectivity - first for the node deployment. Theoretical calculations and simulation experiments show that the distribution of the node de- ployment can guarantee effectively the coverage and connectivity, under the premise of making energy load evenly distributed in all nodes. Compared to the uniform distribution under the same circumstances, the strategy can effectively extend the node lifetime 2.17 times.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 部署 覆盖性 连通性 生存周期 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TP393[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]