不同条件下日本方头甲对矢尖蚧捕食功能的反应  

The predatory functional response of Cybocephalus nipponicus Endrdy-Younga to Unaspis yanonensis under different conditions

作　　者：李鸿筠[1] 刘浩强[1] 姚廷山[1] 冉春[1] 胡军华[1] 雷慧德[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院柑桔研究所,重庆400712

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2009年第6期491-496,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD47B04);农业行业科研专项(nyzx07-057)

摘　　要：日本方头甲是矢尖蚧等多种盾蚧科昆虫的重要捕食性天敌,为了更好地了解和利用其在不同条件下的捕食效能,在室内条件下,定量研究了不同温度、湿度和光照条件下日本方头甲成虫对不同密度矢尖蚧1龄雄若虫的捕食功能反应和寻找效应,并用Holling-Ⅱ型方程和Holling-Ⅲ型新方程分别拟合出不同功能反应模型。结果表明,温度为25℃、相对湿度为70%～90%、光照强度12000lx、L∶D=14∶10时,最有利于日本方头甲成虫捕食。在此条件下,瞬间攻击率、最大捕食量、瞬间攻击率与平均处理时间的比值和最佳寻找密度均达最大,平均处理时间最短,功能反应圆盘模型为Na=1.002N/(1+0.0001N)。寻找效应在不同条件下均随着矢尖蚧密度的增加而逐渐降低,数学模型为E=1.002/(1+1.002×0.0001N),Holling-Ⅲ型新模型为Na=308.86e-95.18/N。在上述条件下,理论最大捕食量为308.86头,最佳寻找密度为95.18头。生产上控制矢尖蚧危害的释放比例应为益害比1∶95。Cybocephalus nipponicus Endrody-Younga is an important predatory natural enemy of diaspidids, such as Yanon scale, Unaspis yanonensis （Kuwana）. In order to better grasp and use their predatory performance, the authors studied the predatory functional response and searching efficiency of C. nip- ponicus to 1 st instar of male U. yanonensis at different temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and illumination time in the lab. Different models were simulated respectively with Holling-Ⅱ type equation and new equations of Holling-m type. The results indicated that there were significant differences of precacious number under different conditions. The most favorable preying conditions for the adult C. nipponicus was temperature 25 ℃, relative humidity 70% -90% , and 12000 lx light intensity, L： D = 14 ： 10. Under these conditions, parameters of predatory functional response reached maximum including rate of successful attack （α′）, maximal predacious number （a）, α′/Th and optimal seeking density （b）. However, the average handling time （Th） was minimum. At the same time Holling-Ⅱ equation of functional response was Na = 1. 002N/（ 1 ＋ 0. 0001N）. The searching efficiency decreased with the increase of Yanon scale density under different conditions, the mathematical model was E = 1. 002/（ 1 ＋ 1. 002 × 0. 0001N）. Holling-Ⅲ new equation was Na = 308.86e-95.18/N The theoretical maximum predacious numbers and the optimal searching efficiency was 308.86 and 95.18 Yanon scales respectively. So it could be released to against Yanon scale in field, according to the ratio of 1：95 （natural enemy：insect）.

关 键 词：目本方头甲 捕食功能 温度 湿度 光照 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]