铁路运输含硫原油过程中H_2S挥发规律模拟试验研究  

Simulated experimental study on hydrogen sulfide volatilization from sulfur crude oil transported by railway

作　　者：程万洲[1] 樊建春[1] 储胜利[1] 李磊[1] 胡浩泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)国家安全生产监督管理总局油气安全工程技术研究中心,北京102249

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2009年第6期137-139,共3页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：以塔河12区含硫原油为研究对象,通过模拟铁路运输原油工况,研究罐内原油中H2S挥发规律。结果表明,铁路运输过程中原油里H_2S析出浓度与时间的关系近似为6次多项式,并建立了H_2S浓度随时间变化的曲线方程;对影响罐内原油中H_2S挥发的2个主要因素罐内原油温度和罐车振动强度进行了分析。结果表明,罐内原油温度是原油中H2S挥发的主要影响因素,升高罐内原油温度可以明显增加H2S的挥发浓度,加大罐车振动强度对原油中H_2S挥发有促进作用,但不明显。The present paper is to introduce our simulated experimental research on the hydrogen sulfide volatilization from the sulfur-containing crude oil while it was transported on the railway. As is known, hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic gas. Once it leaks out, it is likely to lead to disasters involving human casualty or material loss. The present authors take it as our duty to make experiments and analyze the accidents in hoping to make clear the volatilization process of the sulfur crude oil on the railway transportation by using sulfur crude oil from Tahe oilfield. The results of our experiments indicate that： the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the tank is likely to rise at first and then drops down with the elapse of time, from the observation of which we have formulated its concentration change rule in a curve with the elapse of time. As to the temperature change of the crude oil in the tank and the vibration of the tank intensity, it can be said that they are two main factors that affect the volatilization of hydrogen sulfide in the oil tank, which can be taken as experimental parameters of great significance. The results of our experiments also show that the temperature of crude oil serves as the main influential factor and the temperature rise can also lead to significant increase of the volatilization concentration. In addition, vibration intensity can also promote the volatilization of hydrogen sulfide, though not significant.

关 键 词：安全工程 铁路运输 含硫原油 H2S 挥发规律 试验研究 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]