考虑器壁侵蚀影响的低压断路器电弧运动特性仿真及实验  

Simulation and Experiment on Airarc Characteristics in Low-Voltage Circuit Breaker Considering Wall Ablation

作　　者：马强[1] 荣命哲[1] Anthony B.Murphy 吴翊[1] 徐铁军[1] 孙志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织工业物理部

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2009年第12期74-81,共8页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50477025;50537050;50525722);教育部科学技术研究重点(10518)资助项目

摘　　要：以磁流体动力学(MHD)为基础建立了考虑器壁侵蚀影响的低压断路器中的电弧的数学模型。在传统的质量、动量和能量守恒方程的基础上增加了器壁材料的浓度方程,考虑了器壁材料的烧蚀对气体的热动力学特性和传输系数的影响,并且采用"视角因数法"计算到达器壁的辐射能量。利用基于有限容积法的商业软件对上述模型进行求解,得出灭弧室内温度场、浓度场、气流场的分布情况以及电压随时间的变化过程。仿真结果表明,由于灭弧室内"漩涡"的存在使得电弧后方的聚合物蒸气浓度大于电弧前方的聚合物蒸气浓度;由于产气材料的影响,电弧的最大电压增加了19.2%;产气材料对电弧运动有加速作用,由于产气材料的影响,电弧的平均运动速度增加了20.1%。实验结果验证了仿真模型的合理性。The mathematical model of 3-dimentional air arc plasma considering the ablation of lateral walls is set up based on magnetic hydro-dynamics （MHD）. The mass concentration equation is introduced to the model on the basis of traditional mass, momentum and energy equations. The influence of wall ablation on the thermodynamic and transport properties is considered. The method of ＂view factors＂ is used to calculate the radiation reaching the lateral wall. By adopting the commercial computational fluid dynamics （CFD） package based on control-volume method, the above MHD model is solved and the distribution of temperature field, concentration field, flow field and electrical potential field in the arc chamber is calculated. The simulation results indicate that the vapor concentration behind the arc column is higher than that in front of the arc column because of the existence of ＂vortex＂ in the arc chamber. The use of gassing material causes arc voltage increase 19.2%, and causes the average arc velocity increase 20.1%. The experimental results prove the validity of the arc model.

关 键 词：空气电弧等离子体 磁流体动力学 器壁侵蚀 产气材料 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]