国家权力的侵入与大学自治的难局--以浙江大学导师制的兴衰为中心(1936-1945)  

The Dilemma of Involvement of National Power and Self-administration of Universities-focusing on the tutor system in Zhejiang University (1936-1945)

作　　者：何方昱[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院历史研究所副研究员,200235

出　　处：《史林》2009年第6期141-149,共9页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“训导与抗衡:党派、学人与浙江大学(1936-1949)”阶段性研究成果,项目编号:09CZS018

摘　　要：为纠驳民国时期大学军事化管理的弊端,在竺可桢的主持下,浙江大学于1937年倡导并施行导师制。初期效果尚佳,但在实施过程中,浙大导师制遭逢国家权力的介入与侵蚀,经历了从"自治"到"党化"的发展过程。其间,努力维系大学自治和"教授治校"的浙大导师制,必然与旨在推行党化教育的训导制相颉颃,致使浙大导师制的推行效果逐渐减弱,直至1945年后消弭殆尽。事实上,以竺可桢为核心的浙大教授群体既无力抗衡与控制各政党派系对于大学的倾轧,又无法劝服学生放弃日益浓厚的政治兴趣,以"道德服人"为宗旨的导师制在日益严峻的政治环境中逐渐式微。In 1937,with President of Zhejiang University Zhu Kezhen taking the lead,the university began to carry out the 'tutor system' and the policy worked well at first.However,the policy was met with the involvement and erosion of national power and finally ended in 1945.In fact,the professors of Zhejiang University could neither resist political groups' interference nor persuade students into giving up their political interests.The tutor system featuring educating students using morality faded away in the increasingly grim political environment.

关 键 词：浙江大学 导师制 国家权力 竺可桢 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]