磷肥和钾肥对老龄多叶老芒麦牧草生物量和品质的影响  

Effect of fertilization on the forage biomass and quality of aged leafy Elymus sibiricus

作　　者：韩德梁[1,2] 徐智明[3] 艾琳[1] 韩烈保[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学草坪研究所,北京100083 [2]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]安徽省农科院畜牧兽医研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2009年第6期1486-1490,共5页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：北京市教育委员会-北京市重点学科建设项目;北京市教育委员会学科建设与研究生培养项目-北京城市生态环境建设产学研联合培养研究生基地资助(二期资助);贵州省科技厅基金项目(黔科合J字[2006]2045号)

摘　　要：对8龄多叶老芒麦人工草地进行施磷、钾试验。结果显示,施磷肥对抽穗期、开花期和乳熟期老芒麦的地上生物量分别增重16.25%5-0.32%、5.86%3-5.74%和10.72%4-4.37%,施钾肥增重16.96%5-1.56%、9.63%5-8.32%和12.70%4-6.91%。在氮钾或氮磷施用量适中时,配施磷肥112.5 kg/hm^2或配施钾肥75 kg/hm^2时,老芒麦的地上生物量最大。配施磷和钾能显著增加老芒麦0—25 cm根重（P〈0.05）。配施磷或钾75 kg/hm2时,老芒麦0—5和0—25 cm根重最大,分别为8.97 g/m^2 9、.06 g/m^2和21.39 g/m^2、23.84 g/m^2。配施磷和配施钾时,老芒麦茎秆中粗蛋白（CP）和粗脂肪（CF）含量呈先增后降变化,施磷75 kg/hm^2或施钾112.5 kg/hm^2时,老芒麦茎杆中CP和CF的含量最大。配施等量磷、钾肥,施磷茎秆中CP和CF含量高于施钾,二者最大值差分别是0.53%和0.38%。三个生育期内,老芒麦地上部分与地下根系增重不总是与施肥量呈正相关,相同施肥量下钾肥的增重略高于磷肥。Under the conditions of sufficient N, P and K fertilization, growth index including aboveground biomass, dry root weight at different growing period and forage nutritional indexes, such as DM, CP, CF and CF at milky maturity stage of 8a Elymus sibiricus were measured in an artificial grassland on May in 2003 at well-bred site in Qinghai Province. The results showed that P and K fertilization increased the aboveground biomass of E. sibiricus by 16.25 % - 50.32%, 5.86%-35.74%, 10.72%-44.37%, and 16.96%-51.56%, 9.63%-58.32%, 12.70%-46.91% at heading date, flowering period and milky maturity stage, respectively. At the rational level of NK or NP, the maximum aboveground biomass was observed when additional P 112.5 kg/ha or K 75 kg/ha was applied. Applying both P and K could increased the roots weight in 0-25 cm significant （ P 〈 0.05）. The root weight in depth of 0-5 cm and 0-25 cm of E. sibiricus was maximum when additionally applying P or K 75 kg/ha. The content of CP and CF increased first then decreased after application of P and K. Applying P 75 kg/ha or K 112.5 kg/ha resulted in the highest the content of CP and CF in the stem. The weight increased of biomass of aboveground and roots did not consistently positive correlation to the quantity of fertilizer application. The weight increased with potassium fertilizer was higher than phosphorus fertilizer at the same fertilizer level.

关 键 词：人工草地 施肥 老芒麦 生物量 品质 

分 类 号：S543.9[农业科学—作物学]